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Factors associated with the intention to reduce alcohol consumption among people who drink at risky levels in a university hospital in Bogotá D.C., Colombia
Factores asociados a la intención de disminuir el consumo de alcohol en personas con consumo riesgoso en un hospital universitario de Bogotá D.C., Colombia
Palabras clave:
Alcohol Drinking, Health Risk Factors, Hospital medicine, Primary prevention (en)Consumo de bebidas alcohólicas, Conductas de riesgo para la salud, Atención hospitalaria, Prevención primaria (es)
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Introduction: Interventions to reduce risky alcohol use are a priority in all clinical settings, including the hospital setting.
Objectives: To describe the sociodemographic, family, and clinical characteristics of people who drink at risky levels in a university hospital, and to evaluate the association between these factors and their intention to reduce alcohol use, measured according to the stage of behavioral change they are at, which is referred to in this study as “intention to change”.
Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 176 patients between 19 and 64 years-old classified as risky drinkers (according to AUDIT score) who underwent a surgical or a diagnostic procedure in a quaternary care hospital in Bogotá, Colombia, between April 2018 and March 2020. Bivariate (chi-square) and multivariate (ordinal logistic regression) analyses were performed to evaluate associations between independent variables (sociodemographic, family, clinical, and alcohol use-related characteristics) and intention to change. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated, and a significance level of p<0.05 was considered.
Results: The prevalence of risky alcohol use was 4.88% (95%CI: 4.17-5.58) (176/3 609). Most participants were male (82.95%), over 30 years old (71.02%), and in the “preparation” stage of behavior change (63.63%). In the multivariate analysis, being older than 30 years was associated with a greater intention to change (31-45 years: aOR=3.68; 95%CI:1.56-9.06; 46-64 years: aOR=2.63; 95%CI:1.20-5.86), while having a high socioeconomic level was associated with a lower intention to change (aOR=0.06; 95%CI:0.01-0.50).
Conclusions. A greater intention to reduce alcohol use was observed in individuals over 30 years of age, as well as in those with a greater perception of the benefits of such reduction, those with a better perception of self-efficacy, and patients with previous attempts to reduce their alcohol use. In contrast, having a high socioeconomic level was associated with a lower intention to change.
Introducción. Las intervenciones para reducir el consumo riesgoso de alcohol son una prioridad en todos los escenarios clínicos, incluido el hospitalario.
Objetivos. Describir las características sociodemográficas, familiares y clínicas en personas con consumo riesgoso de alcohol en un hospital universitario y evaluar la asociación entre estos factores y la intención de disminuir el consumo, medida según la etapa de cambio comportamental y denominada en este estudio como “intención de cambio”.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en 176 pacientes entre 19 y 64 años con consumo riesgoso de alcohol (según puntaje AUDIT) sometidos a una intervención quirúrgica o procedimiento diagnóstico entre abril de 2018 y marzo de 2020 en un hospital de cuarto nivel de Bogotá, Colombia. Se realizó un análisis bivariado (Chi-cuadrado) y uno multivariado (regresión logística ordinal) para evaluar las asociaciones entre las variables independientes (características sociodemográficas, familiares, clínicas y relacionadas con el consumo de alcohol) y la intención de cambio. Se calcularon Odds Ratio ajustados (ORa) y se consideró un nivel de significancia de p<0.05
Resultados. La prevalencia de consumo riesgoso de alcohol fue de 4.88% (IC95%: 4.17-5.58) (176/3 609). La mayoría de participantes eran hombres (82.95%), tenían más de 30 años (71.02%) y estaban en la etapa “preparación” de cambio comportamental (63.63%). En el análisis multivariado, ser mayor de 30 años se asoció con mayor intención de cambio (31-45 años: ORa=3.68, IC95%:1.56-9.06; 46-64 años: ORa=2.63; IC95%: 1.20-5.86) y, por el contrario, ser de un estrato socioeconómico alto se asoció con menor intención (ORa=0.06; IC95%: 0.01-0.50).
Conclusiones. Se observó una mayor intención de disminuir el consumo de alcohol en los participantes mayores de 30 años, aquellos con mayor percepción de los beneficios de dicha disminución, aquellos con mayor percepción de autoeficacia, y en los pacientes con intentos previos de disminución; en contraposición, el estrato socioeconómico alto se asoció con menor intención de cambio.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Revista de la Facultad de Medicina
Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento 3.0 Unported.
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