Publicado

2019-07-01

Peritoneal histoplasmosis. Case report

Histoplasmosis peritoneal. Reporte de caso

Palabras clave:

Histoplasmosis, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Dialysis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. (en)
Histoplasmosis, Síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, Diálisis, Lupus eritematoso sistémico. (es)

Autores/as

Introduction: Histoplasmosis is an opportu­nistic granulomatous fungal infection. Peritoneal histoplasmosis (PH) is a rare form of dissem­inated histoplasmosis (DH).

Case description: A 44-year-old male pa­tient with history of HIV infection, systemic lupus erythematosus with lupus nephritis, and chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis, presented with recurrent ascites without clear etiology in the serial study of ascitic fluid. Con­trast computed tomography of the abdomen showed a nonspecific peritoneal nodule, for which laparoscopy and biopsy were performed, identifying Histoplasma capsulatum infection. The subject received 15 days of in-hospital treatment with amphotericin B deoxycholate with good evolution, no recurrence of ascites, and indefinite outpatient management with itraconazole.

Discussion: The first case of PH was described in 1970 but this is the first case reported in Co­lombia. Most cases of PH have been associated with peritoneal dialysis. Its diagnosis is based on the study of ascitic fluid and its treatment follows the guidelines of other forms DH.

Conclusions: PH is a rare entity that requires high clinical suspicion, especially in immuno­compromised patients.

Introducción. La histoplasmosis es una infec­ción micótica oportunista granulomatosa. La histoplasmosis peritoneal (HP) es una forma rara de histoplasmosis diseminada (HD).

Presentación del caso. Paciente masculino de 44 años con antecedentes de infección por VIH, lupus eritematoso sistémico con nefropatía lúpica y enfermedad renal crónica en diálisis peritoneal, quien presenta ascitis recurrente sin etiología en estudio seriado de líquido ascítico. Se realiza tomografía de abdomen contrastada que evidencia lesión peritoneal inespecífica, luego estudiada con laparoscopia y biopsia, documentándose infección por Histoplasma capsulatum. El sujeto recibe 15 días de trat­amiento intrahospitalario con anfotericina B deoxicolato con buena evolución, sin recurrencia de ascitis, y continúa con manejo ambulatorio indefinido con itraconazol.

Discusión. El primer caso de HP se describe en 1970 y el primero en Colombia es el que aquí se presenta. La mayoría de los casos de este tipo de infección se han asociado a diálisis peritoneal, su diagnóstico se basa en el estudio de líquido ascítico y su tratamiento depende de los lineamientos de otras formas de HD.

Conclusiones. La HP es una entidad rara que requiere alta sospecha clínica, principalmente en pacientes con inmunocompromiso.

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