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Evaluation of Potential Substrates for Biogas Production in Colombia using Anaerobic Digestion Systems
Evaluación de sustratos potenciales para la producción de biogás en Colombia utilizando sistemas de digestión anaerobia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.100834Keywords:
Anaerobic digestion, Biogas, Biochemical methane potential, Wastes (en)Digestión anaerobia, Biogás, Potencial bioquímico de metano, Residuos (es)
Increasing energy demands around the globe require alternative sources of energy. Considering the large amount of agro-industrial and agriculture-related activities in Colombia, energy generation from biomass waste is a promising option to meet the energy needs of the country. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a good alternative to use these wastes. In this study, several potential substrates for biogas generation using AD systems were identified through a literature review. Vinasses, palm oil industry residues, swine manure, coffee industry residues, and municipal solid wastes were found as potential substrates for AD. Considering factors such as composition, the amount of waste production, availability, and their relationship with important Colombian economic activities, three substrates were selected to perform biochemical methane potential (BMP) experiments. The selected substrates were swine manure (SM), palm oil mill effluent (POME), and coffee residues (CR). The obtained BMP values were 240, 465, and 314 NmLCH4/g VS, respectively. An analysis of kinetic parameters analysis was conducted for the BMP experiments, based on the logistic and Gompertz models. It was seen that the AD of SM starts faster than in the other evaluated substrates. Nevertheless, the overall methane production rate was the highest for POME, followed by CR. SM had the lowest methane production yield. The obtained values of BMP, kinetic parameters, and those collected during the literature review can be useful for the design and implementation of AD systems in Colombia. Moreover, attention should be paid to substrates such as POME, which have a high energy production potential.
El aumento de la demanda de energía en el mundo hace necesaria la búsqueda de fuentes alternativas de energía. Considerando la amplia actividad agroindustrial y agropecuaria en Colombia, la generación de energía a partir de residuos de biomasa es una opción promisoria para satisfacer las necesidades energéticas del país. La digestión anaerobia (DA) es una buena alternativa para aprovechar estos residuos. En este estudio se identificaron varios sustratos potenciales para la generación de biogás utilizando sistemas de DA a través de una revisión de la literatura. Las vinazas, los residuos de la industria del aceite de palma, el estiércol porcino, los residuos de la industria del café y los desechos sólidos municipales se consideraron como sustratos potenciales para la DA. Considerando factores como la composición, la cantidad de residuos producidos, la disponibilidad y su relación con importantes actividades económicas colombianas, se seleccionaron tres sustratos para realizar experimentos de potencial bioquímico de metano (BMP). Los sustratos seleccionados fueron estiércol porcino (SM), efluente de la industria de aceite de palma (POME) y residuos de café (CR). Los valores de BMP obtenidos fueron 240, 465 y 314 y NmLCH4/g SV respectivamente. Se realizó un análisis de parámetros cinéticos para los experimentos de BMP con base en los modelos logístico y de Gompertz. Se vio que la digestión anaerobia de SM inicia más rápido que en los otros sustratos evaluados. Sin embargo, la tasa de producción de metano fue más alta para POME, seguida por CR. SM tuvo la tasa más baja de producción de metano. Los valores obtenidos de BMP, parámetros cinéticos y los recolectados durante la revisión de la literatura pueden ser de utilidad para el diseño e implementación de sistemas AD en Colombia. Aún más, debe prestarse atención a los sustratos como POME, que presentan un alto potencial de producción de energía.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Aura Alexandra Ramón Vanegas, Juan E. Vásquez, Juan M. Delgado, Daniel Domínguez-Carvajal, Ana M. Mosquera-Mena, Francisco Molina, Mariana Peñuela-Vásquez
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