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Producing fuel alcohol by extractive distillation: Simulating the process with glycerol
Producción de alcohol carburante por destilación extractiva: Simulación del proceso con glicerol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v26n1.14675Keywords:
deshidratación de bioetanol, destilación extractiva, glicerol, alcohol carburante, simulación (en)deshidratación de bioetanol, destilación extractiva, glicerol, alcohol carburante, simulación (es)
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Downstream separation processes in biotechnology form part of the stages having most impact on a product's final cost. The tendency throughout the world today is to replace fossil fuels with those having a renewable origin such as ethanol; this, in turn, produces a demand for the same and the need for optimising fermentation, treating vinazas and dehydration processes. The present work approaches the problem of dehydration through simulating azeotropic ethanol extractive distillation using glycerol as separation agent. Simulations were done on an Aspen Plus process simulator (Aspen Tech version 11.1). The simulated process involves two distillation columns, a dehydrator and a glycerol recuperation column. Simulation restrictions were ethanol's molar composition in dehydrator column distillate and the process's energy consumption. The effect of molar reflux ratio, solvent-feed ratio, solvent entry and feed stage and solvent entry temperature were evaluated on the chosen restrictions. The results showed that the ethanol-water mixture dehydration with glycerol as separation agent is efficient from the energy point of view.
Los procesos de separación downstream en biotecnología hacen parte de las etapas que más inciden en el costo final del producto. En el mundo, la tendencia a reemplazar los combustibles fósiles por aquellos de origen renovable como el etanol, genera una demanda del mismo y la necesidad de optimizar los procesos de fermentación, tratamiento de vinazas y deshidratación. El presente trabajo aborda el problema de la deshidratación a través de la simulación del proceso de destilación extractiva de etanol azeotrópico utilizando glicerol como agente de separación. Las simulaciones fueron realizadas con el simulador de procesos Aspen Plus®, de Aspen Tech versión 11.1. El proceso simulado involucra dos columnas de destilación, una deshidratadora y una de recuperación de glicerol. Las restricciones de las simulaciones fueron la composición molar de etanol en el destilado de la columna deshidratadora y el consumo energético del proceso. Se evaluó el efecto de la relación molar de reflujo, la relación solvente alimento, la etapa de entrada de solvente y de alimento, la temperatura de entrada de solvente, sobre las restricciones elegidas. Los resultados muestran que el proceso de deshidratación de la mezcla etanol-agua con glicerol es eficiente desde el punto de vista energético.
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Copyright (c) 2006 Ana María Uyazán, Iván Dario Gil, Jaime Aguilar, Gerardo Rodríguez Niño, Luis A Caicedo Mesa
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