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Analysing chemical equilibrium conditions when studying butyl acetate synthesis
Estudio de la síntesis de acetato de butilo - 2. Análisis de las condiciones de equilibrio químico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v25n3.14670Keywords:
ion exchange resins, esterification, butyl acetate, chemical equilibrium (en)resinas de intercambio, esterificación, acetato de butilo, equilibrio químico (es)
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This work studied the liquid phase of acetic acid and butyl alcohol esterification reaction (Patm = 560 mmHg), using an ion exchange resin (Lewatit K-2431) as catalyst. A set of assays were carried out for determining the effect of catalyst load, temperature and molar ratio (acid/alcohol) on chemical equilibrium constant. Components' selective sorption on the resin matrix was noticed; its effect on equilibrium conditions was verified, by using different acid/alcohol starting ratios. A non-ideal model (UNIQUAC) was used for calculating component activities. Standard free energy and enthalpy of esterification were calculated (∆G° = -1.874 Kcal/mol, ∆H° = -5.335 Kcal/ mol), corresponding to reported data from previous work. An expression for calculating apparent equilibrium constant was obtained, considering thermal effects and those associated with liquid-polymer phase equilibrium. Such expression had good agreement with experimental and reported data.
En este trabajo se adelantó un estudio de la reacción de esterificación de ácido acético y n-butanol en fase liquida (Patm = 560 mmHg), utilizando una resina de intercambio iónico (Lewatit K-2431) como catalizador. Se efectuaron ensayos para determinar la influencia de la carga del catalizador, la temperatura y la relación molar de alimentación (ácido/alcohol), sobre la constante de equilibrio químico. Se pudo reconocer el fenómeno de adsorción selectiva de los componentes sobre la matriz de la resina, y se comprobó su efecto sobre las condiciones de equilibrio químico, para diferentes relaciones iniciales de ácido y alcohol. Se utilizó un modelo no ideal (UNIQUAC) para evaluar las actividades de los componentes, y se realizó el cálculo de la energía libre y la entalpia estándares de la esterificación (∆G°= -1.874 Kcal/mol, ∆H°= -5.335 Kcal/mol), las cuales corresponden con lo reportado en trabajos previos. Finalmente, se obtuvo una expresión que permite evaluar la constante de equilibrio químico, de carácter aparente, donde se toman en cuenta los efectos térmicos y los asociados al equilibrio de fases liquido-polímero. Dicha expresión concuerda con los datos experimentales y con los reportados en otros estudios.
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Copyright (c) 2005 Álvaro Orjuela Londoño, Fernando Leiva Lenis, Luis Alejandro Boyacá Mendivelso, Gerardo Rodríguez Niño, Luis María Carballo Suárez
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