Contamination by urban superficial runoff: accumulated heavy metals on a road surface
Contaminación por escorrentía superficial urbana: metales pesados acumulados sobre la superficie de una vía
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v27n1.14770Keywords:
heavy metals, urban superficial runoff, urban dirt, superficial load, concentration, sediment, particle sized distribution (en)metales pesados, escorrentía superficial urbana, suciedad urbana, carga superficial, concentración, sedimento, granulometría (es)
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Studying the behavior of accumulated contamination on urban surfaces is important in designing control methods minimising the impacts of surface runoff on the environment. This paper presents data regarding the sediment collected on the surface of an urban road in the city of Torrelavega in northern Spain during a period of 65 days during which 132 samples were collected. Two types of sediment collection samples were obtained: vacuumed dry samples (free load) and those swept up following vacuuming (fixed load). The results showed that heavy metal concentration in the collected sediment (Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd) was inversely proportional to particle diameter. High heavy metal concentrations were found in the smaller fraction (63 µm). Regression equations were calculated for heavy metal concentration regarding particle diameter. Large heavy metal loads were found in the larger fraction (125 µm). The results provide information for analysing runoff water quality in urban areas and designing treatment strategies.
El estudio del comportamiento de la contaminación acumulada sobre las superficies urbanas es importante para diseñar métodos de control que minimicen los impactos de la escorrentía superficial sobre el medio ambiente.
En este artículo se presentan los datos del sedimento recolectado sobre la superficie de una vía urbana, en la ciudad de Torrelavega, al norte de España, durante un período de 65 días, en el que se recolectaron 132 muestras. El sistema de recolección del sedimento distinguió dos tipos de muestras: la aspirada directamente en seco, carga libre, y la barrida después del aspirado, carga fija. Los resultados mostraron que la concentración de metales pesados en el sedimento recolectado (Pb, Zn, Cu y Cd), era inversamente proporcional al diámetro de la partícula. Se encontraron elevadas concentraciones de metales pesados en la fracción menor de 63 µm.
Se calcularon ecuaciones de regresión para la concentración de los metales pesados en función del diámetro de la partícula. Se hallaron grandes cargas de metales pesados en las fracciones mayores de 125 µm. Los resultados proveen información para el análisis de la calidad del agua de escorrentía en zonas urbanas y el diseño de estrategias de tratamiento.
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