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Evaluating urban runoff pollution: sediments deposited on a road surface
Evaluación de la contaminación por escorrentía urbana: sedimentos depositados sobre la superficie de una vía
Keywords:
particle size distribution, sediment load, build-up, wash-off, urban dirt, runoff, water quality (en)granulometría, carga de sedimento, acumulación, lavado, suciedad urbana, escorrentía, calidad de agua (es)
The pollution caused by runoff water continues being a great problem in urban areas. Studying the behavior of sediments deposited on a road surface serves to determine the characteristics of their build-up during dry times and wash-off during rainy periods. It will also lead to establishing pollution control mechanisms associated with the sediment deposited on particular types of road surfaces. This paper presents data regarding the sediment accumulating on a road surface in the city of Torrelavega in northern Spain during a 65-day period, during which time 132 samples were collected. Two types of sediment collection samples were obtained: vacuumed dry samples (free load) and those swept up following vacuuming (fixed load). Sediment loading, particle size distribution and moisture were determined for each type of sample. The data showed that the sediment loading (gm-2) and vacuumed availability of the load which adhered most strongly to the surface (fixed load) increased with the number of dry days. Collected sediment particle size distribution tended to be finer with the increase in the number of dry days. <125 µm particle sizes presented the greatest rate of build-up during dry time and those which were <500 µm had the greatest susceptibility to being washed off during rain.
La contaminación causada por el agua de escorrentía constituye un gran problema en las áreas urbanas. El estudio del comportamiento de los sedimentos depositados sobre una superficie viaria sirve para determinar sus características de acumulación en tiempo seco y de lavado durante un evento de lluvia. Adicionalmente, permitirá establecer mecanismos de control de la contaminación asociada con el sedimento depositado en este tipo de superficies. En este artículo se presentan los datos del sedimento recolectado sobre la superficie de una vía en la ciudad de Torrelavega, al norte de España, durante un período de 65 días, en el que se recolectaron en total 132 muestras. El sistema de recolección del sedimento distinguió dos tipos de muestras: la aspirada directamente en seco (carga libre) y la recolectada tras un barrido después del aspirado (carga fija). Para cada tipo de muestra se determinó la carga de sedimento (g m-2), la granulométrica y la humedad. Los datos mostraron que la carga de sedimento y la disponibilidad al aspirado de la carga más fuertemente adherida a la superficie (carga fija) aumentan con el número de días de tiempo seco. La granulometría del sedimento recolectado tendió a ser más fina a medida que aumentó el tiempo seco. Los tamaños de partícula <125 µm presentaron la mayor tasa de acumulación en tiempo seco, y los <500 µm la mayor susceptibilidad al lavado durante una lluvia.
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