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Reaction parameter study for the chemical synthesis of adsorbent silica gel
Estudio de las variables de reacción en la síntesis de sílica gel adsorbente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v27n2.14828Keywords:
silica gel, adsorption capacity, mechanical strength (en)sílica gel, capacidad de adsorción, resistencia mecánica (es)
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This article presents an appropriate set of reaction parameters (reaction temperature, sulphuric acid and sodium silicate reagent concentration) for obtaining adsorbent silica gel (ASG) using Colombian-produced raw materials. The core of ASG synthesis lies in sulphuric acid’s neutralisation reaction with sodium silicate. Their effect on final ASG moisture adsorption capacity was measured after changing such synthesis’ above-mentioned reaction parameters. Within the range of conditions studied, it was found that the highest adsorption capacity occurred by combining both low sodium silicate concentration with high temperatures or high sulphuric acid concentration and temperature. Synthesised ASG was also compared to a commercial product (Gel de silice granulare con indicatore. Montedison group. Batch number 1684G100. Code number 453301) using adsorption capacity plots, BET areas, X-ray diffraction, mass and infrared spectrometry and mechanical strength measurements. Synthesised ASG presented larger specific surface areas but weaker mechanical strength than the commercial one. Likewise, all evaluated samples exhibited a low degree of molecular arrangement and conventional ASG chemical structure.
En este artículo se presentan las condiciones de síntesis (temperatura de reacción, concentración de ácido sulfúrico y silicato de sodio) más adecuadas para la obtención de sílice gel adsorbente SGA, haciendo uso de materias primas elaboradas en Colombia. La obtención de este producto se lleva a cabo principalmente por una neutralización de ácido sulfúrico con silicato de sodio, variando la concentración de los reactivos y la temperatura de reacción; se determinó el efecto que tiene la interacción de estas variables sobre la capacidad de adsorción de humedad, encontrando que esta se favorece al combinar concentraciones de silicato bajas y temperaturas altas, o concentraciones de ácido altas y temperaturas altas, dentro de los intervalos estudiados. Por otro lado, se realizó una comparación detallada del producto obtenido frente a una sílica de referencia comercial (Gel de sílice granulare con indicatore - Grupo Montedison. Lote 1684G100. Código 453301) a través de curvas de adsorción, área B.E.T., difracción de rayos X, espectrometría de masa e infrarroja, así como resistencia mecánica; encontrándose que la SGA sintetizada en este trabajo posee mayor área superficial específica y menor resistencia mecánica que la comercial, además se vislumbró que las muestras evaluadas exponen bajo grado de ordenamiento molecular y la estructura química característica de la sílica gel.
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Copyright (c) 2007 María Carolina Sáenz, Carlos Andrés Báez Quintero, José de Jesús Díaz Velásquez, Gerardo Rodríguez Niño
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors or holders of the copyright for each article hereby confer exclusive, limited and free authorization on the Universidad Nacional de Colombia's journal Ingeniería e Investigación concerning the aforementioned article which, once it has been evaluated and approved, will be submitted for publication, in line with the following items:
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