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Evaluación de catalizadores y estudio cinético de la obtención de acetato de etilo a partir del etanol en fase de vapor
Keywords:
Catalizadores, Reacciones químicas, Esterificación, Antimonio, Molibdeno, Bismuto, Etanol (es)Catalysts, Chemical reactions, Esterification, Antimony, Molybdenum, Bismuth, Ethanol (en)
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En este trabajo, se presentan los resultados de la evaluación, caracterización y estudio cinético de los catalizadores utilizados para la producción de acetato de etilo en un solo paso a partir de etanol.
Se seleccionaron los catalizadores de Paladio metálico soportado en carbón activado en dos composiciones nominales (0.5% y 1.5%), y mezclas binarias de óxidos de Antimonio - Molibdeno y Bismuto Molibdeno, en las proporciones atómicas de Sb: Mo = 2:1 y Bi: Mo = 1:9, La mayor actividad se presentó en los catalizadores de Paladio, mientras que los óxidos resultaron ser más selectivos hacia acetaldehído y ácido acético. La esterificación del etanol sobre Paladio en carbón activado puede representarse mediante un modelo Eley-Rideal, en el cual el oxígeno quimisorbido reacciona con el etanol en fase gaseosa siendo este el paso determinante.
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References
Almanza, R.L., Urdaneta, R.D, Selección de Catalizadores para la obtención de ácido acético a partir de etanol en fase gaseosa. Proyecto de Grado Ing. Química, U.N., 1987.
Andrew, S.P., Theory and practice of the formulation of heterogeneous catalysts. Chem. Eng. Science. Vol. 36. No. 9 pp 1431-1445, 1985 Bond, G.C. Catalysis by metals. Academic Press. London 1962.
Kunugi, Kono, Yanagisawa, Arai, Gas phase oxidate esterification reaction of various alcohols over metallic palladium catalyst. Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Japan. Vol. 12. pp.2271-2275, 1972.
Nagai, M., Gonzalez, R.D. Oxidation of ethanol and acetaldehyde on silica-supported platinumcatalysts: preparative and pretreatment effects on catalysts selectivity. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. Vol. 24. pp. 525-531, 1985,
Satterfield, N.CH. Heterogeneous catalysis in practice. McGraw Hill, México, 1987.
Trimm, L.D. Design of industrial catalysts Amsterdam, 1980.
Wang. Eguchi, Arai. Studies of the oxidative esterification of ethanol over oxide catalysts. Applied Catalyst. 33 (1987). 107-117.
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Copyright (c) 1992 Alvaro Gómez Peña, Luis M. Carballos Suárez
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