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Production and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Coal for Gold Adsorption in Cyanide Solutions
Producción y caracterización de carbón activado a partir de carbón mineral para la adsorción de oro en soluciones cianuradas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v40n1.80126Keywords:
activated carbon, gold adsorption, microporosity, coal valorization, (en)carbón activado, adsorción de oro, microporosidad, valorización de carbón, (es)
In this work, activated carbons were produced using coal as raw matter from seven Colombian carboniferous zones. Physical activation was performed in two stages: a carbonization stage with Nitrogen at a temperature of 850 °C and a residence time of 2 h, followed by an activation stage using steam at temperatures of 700 and 850 °C with residence times of 1,5 h and 2,5 h. From the pore volume characterization for the adsorption of gold, two activated carbons from Cundinamarca, obtained at 850 °C (1,5 h), 850 °C (2,5 h), and a commercial carbon (GRC 22) were selected. Gold adsorption tests were performed with those three activated carbons using synthetic aurocyanide solutions and a gold waste solution. The data of the adsorption isotherms were adjusted using the Freundlich adsorption model for the synthetic solution, as well as Langmuir for the waste solution. The results showed that, using a solution of 1 ppm, the activated carbons C-850-2.5 and C- 850-1.5 produced the higher maximum gold loading capacities in the equilibrium (8,7 and 9,3 mg Au/g, respectively) in comparison to the commercial activated carbon (4,7 mg Au/g). Gold adsorption test using a waste solution (21 ppm of gold) showed that the activated carbon C-850-1.5 had the highest value of adsorption capacity (4,58 mg Au/g) compared to C-850-2.5 (2,95 mgAu /g).
En este trabajo se produjeron carbones activados utilizando carbón mineral como materia prima procedente de siete zonas carboníferas colombianas. La activación física se efectuó en dos etapas: una etapa de carbonización con Nitrógeno, a una temperatura de 850 ° C y un tiempo de residencia de 2 h, seguida de una segunda etapa de activación, usando vapor de agua, a temperaturas de 700 y 850 °C con tiempos de residencia de 1,5h y 2,5h. De acuerdo con la caracterización de volúmenes de poros para la adsorción de oro, se seleccionaron dos carbonos activados del departamento de Cundinamarca, obtenidos a 850 C-1.5 h, 850 C-2.5 h y un carbón activado comercial (GRC 22). Se realizaron pruebas de adsorción de oro con esos tres carbonos activados usando soluciones aurocianuradas sintéticas y una solución residual de oro. Los datos de las isotermas de adsorción se ajustaron usando el modelo de adsorción de Freundlich para la solución sintética, así como Langmuir para la solución residual. Los resultados mostraron que, usando una solución de 1 ppm, los carbonos activados C-850-2.5 y C- 850-1.5 produjeron las mayores capacidades de carga de oro en el equilibrio (8,7 y 9,3 mg Au/g respectivamente) en comparación con el carbón activado comercial (4,7 mg Au/g). La prueba de adsorción de oro con la solución residual (21 ppm de oro) mostró que el carbón activado C-850-1.5 presentó el mayor valor de capacidad de adsorción (4,58 mg Au/g)) en comparación con el carbón activado C-850-2.5 (2,95 mg Au/g).
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Copyright (c) 2020 Karen L. Martínez-Mendoza, Juan Manuel Barraza Burgos, Nilson Marriaga-Cabrales, Fiderman Machuca-Martinez, Mariber Barajas, Manuel Romero
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