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La institucionalización de la responsabilidad social empresarial: una revisión de la literatura y caminos para la investigación
The Institutionalization of Corporate Social Responsibility: A Literature Review and Research Pathways
A institucionalização da responsabilidade social corporativa: uma revisão da literatura e caminhos para a pesquisa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v35n97.104103Palabras clave:
cambio institucional, institucionalización, nuevo institucionalismo sociológico, responsabilidad social empresarial, revisión de la literatura (es)Institutional change, institutionalization, new sociological institutionalism, corporate social responsibility, literature review (en)
mudança institucional, institucionalização, novo institucionalismo sociológico, responsabilidade social empresarial, revisão de literatura (pt)
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La responsabilidad social empresarial (rse) se ha extendido en el mundo de los negocios; no obstante, la pregunta sobre la manera en que las organizaciones la asumen sigue vigente. Este análisis tipo scoping review explora cómo se ha estudiado la institucionalización de la rse en las organizaciones. Tanto los datos bibliométricos como el análisis de las metodologías y de las perspectivas y corrientes del nuevo institucionalismo sociológico (nis) empleadas para el estudio permitieron concluir que tal enfoque es un marco promisorio para este interés. Sin embargo, la perspectiva que prima en los estudios es la de la estabilidad institucional, que enmarca corrientes como el isomorfismo y las presiones institucionales que solo contemplan impulsores exógenos del proceso de institucionalización. Por lo anterior, el potencial del nis no ha sido aprovechado completamente. El principal aporte de esta revisión es evidenciar que para la comprensión del proceso de institucionalización de la rse se requiere superar la perspectiva de la estabilidad. Se invita a abordar nuevas preguntas de investigación desde el lente de la perspectiva del cambio para favorecer el estudio del proceso de institucionalización en sí mismo. Estas perspectivas permitirían identificar varios tipos de desencadenantes, integrar niveles de análisis y capturar la sensibilidad temporal, contextual y agentiva del proceso.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has gained increasing prominence in contemporary business practices; however, questions persist regarding how organizations internalize and implement CSR initiatives. This scoping review examines how CSR institutionalization has been explored in organizational research. By analyzing bibliometric data, methodological approaches, and theoretical frameworks, particularly those informed by new sociological institutionalism (NSI), the review highlights NSI as a promising yet underutilized lens for understanding CSR institutionalization. Existing literature predominantly adopts a stability-oriented view, emphasizing institutional persistence through constructs such as isomorphism and institutional pressures. These approaches primarily reflect exogenous drivers and overlook the dynamic, agent-driven aspects of institutionalization. Consequently, the transformative potential of NSI remains largely unrealized in this field. The main contribution of this review is to demonstrate the need to move beyond the stability perspective to effectively understand the CSR institutionalization process. The study advocates for new research questions guided by the perspective of institutional change. This shift would allow for the identification of diverse triggers, the integration of multiple levels of analysis, and the capture of the temporal, contextual, and agentic dimensions of CSR institutionalization.
A responsabilidade social empresarial (RSE) se espalhou no mundo dos negócios; no entanto, a questão de como as organizações a assumem permanece. Esta revisão de escopo explora como a institucionalização da RSE nas organizações tem sido estudada. Tanto os dados bibliométricos quanto a análise das metodologias e das perspectivas e correntes do novo institucionalismo sociológico (NIS) utilizados para o estudo permitiram concluir que tal abordagem é um arcabouço promissor para esse interesse. No entanto, a perspectiva que prevalece nos estudos é a da estabilidade institucional, que enquadra correntes como o isomorfismo e as pressões institucionais que contemplam apenas os motores exógenos do processo de institucionalização. Por conseguinte, o potencial dos NIS não foi plenamente explorado. A principal contribuição desta revisão é mostrar que, para compreender o processo de institucionalização da RSE, é necessário superar a perspectiva de estabilidade. Propõe-se a investigação de novas questões de pesquisa a serem abordadas na perspectiva da mudança, a fim de favorecer o estudo do próprio processo de institucionalização. Essas perspectivas nos permitiriam identificar vários tipos de gatilhos, integrar níveis de análise e capturar a sensibilidade temporal, contextual e agencial do processo.
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