Getting Past the Crisis: Marketing Communication of University Sustainability
Superando la crisis: comunicación de marketing sobre la sostenibilidad universitaria
Superar a crise: comunicação de marketing da sustentabilidade universitária
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v33n87.105512Palabras clave:
Exploratory analysis, marketing communications, pandemic crisis, social media post, university sustainability (en)análisis exploratorio, comunicación de marketing, crisis pandémica, publicación en redes sociales, sostenibilidad universitaria (es)
análise exploratória, comunicações de marketing, crise pandêmica post de mídia social, sustentabilidade universitária (pt)
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Higher education institutions (heis), especially during the pandemic crisis, have faced the challenge of designing a sustainable competitive advantage strategy to attract and retain students. However, since constructing a sustainable brand requires successfully building its legitimacy, sustainability messages must be presented appropriately by using suitable communication channels, such as social networks, that attract younger generations of students and become the only form to communicate with them during the confinement. Hence, this paper investigates if Colombian heis effectively use marketing communication tools to inform their sustainability strategies. For this purpose, a literature review of the terms “university sustainability” and “marketing” was initially conducted, applying a mixed-methods approach. Then, an exploratory analysis with the web scraping technique that considered Facebook® messages posted by five private heis in Medellín city (Colombia) was developed during a ten-month period. Finally, an examination approach was applied to summarize data, find hidden relationships, and make predictions through Python programming language. Despite good intentions and reasonable efforts, results indicate that heis do not seem to have a systematic strategy for communicating sustainability issues. Instead, they give the impression of managing sustainability issues mainly from an economic point of view. As a result, universities’ communication of sustainable practices that enhance institutional reputation and increase student retention still appears to be sporadic and insufficient.
Las instituciones de educación superior (ies) se han visto ante el desafío de diseñar una estrategia sostenible para atraer y retener a sus estudiantes, particularmente durante la pandemia por covid-19. Teniendo en cuenta que la construcción de una marca sostenible requiere a su vez de la consolidación de la legitimidad de una organización, los mensajes de sostenibilidad deben presentarse de forma adecuada mediante canales de comunicación idóneos, como las redes sociales, que atraigan a las generaciones de estudiantes más jóvenes y se conviertan en el único canal para comunicarse con ellos durante el confinamiento. Por lo tanto, este artículo analiza si las ies colombianas utilizan efectivamente las herramientas de comunicación de marketing disponibles para informar sus estrategias de sostenibilidad. Para tal fin, inicialmente se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica de los términos “sostenibilidad universitaria” y “marketing”, aplicando un enfoque de métodos mixtos. Luego, se realizó un análisis exploratorio con la técnica web scraping que consideró los mensajes de Facebook® publicados por cinco ies privadas de la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia) durante un período de diez meses. Finalmente, se aplicó un enfoque de verificación para resumir datos, encontrar relaciones ocultas y hacer predicciones a través del lenguaje de programación Python. A pesar de las buenas intenciones y los esfuerzos desplegados, los hallazgos indican que las ies no cuentan con una estrategia sistemática para la comunicación de la sostenibilidad universitaria. En cambio, estas parecen gestionar esta temática principalmente desde un punto de vista económico. Como resultado, la comunicación de prácticas sostenibles que mejoran la reputación institucional y favorecen la retención de estudiantes resulta ser esporádica e insuficiente.
As instituições de ensino superior (IES), especialmente durante a crise pandêmica, enfrentaram o desafio de desenhar uma estratégia de vantagem competitiva sustentável para atrair e reter estudantes. No entanto, uma vez que a estruturação de uma marca sustentável requer a construção de sua legitimidade com sucesso, as mensagens de sustentabilidade devem ser apresentadas adequadamente nos canais de comunicação adequados, como redes sociais, que atraem gerações mais jovens de estudantes e se tornam a única forma de se comunicar com eles durante o confinamento. Assim, este artigo investiga se as IES colombianas efetivamente usam ferramentas de comunicação de marketing para informar suas estratégias de sustentabilidade. Para isso, foi realizada inicialmente uma revisão de literatura dos termos “sustentabilidade universitária” e “marketing”, aplicando uma abordagem de métodos mistos. Em seguida, uma análise exploratória com a técnica de coleta de dados (web scraping) que considerou mensagens do Facebook® postadas por cinco IES privadas na cidade de Medellín (Colômbia) foi desenvolvida durante um período de dez meses. Finalmente, uma abordagem de exame foi aplicada para resumir dados, encontrar associações ocultas e fazer previsões por meio da linguagem de programação Python. Apesar das boas intenções e dos esforços razoáveis, os resultados indicam que as IES não parecem ter uma estratégia sistemática para comunicar questões de sustentabilidade. Em vez disso, dão a impressão de gerenciar questões de sustentabilidade principalmente do ponto de vista econômico. Como resultado, a comunicação das universidades sobre práticas sustentáveis que melhoram a reputação institucional e aumentam a retenção de alunos ainda parece ser esporádica e insuficiente.
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