Análisis del perfil sociodemográfico y de las motivaciones del turista que visita Quito, Ecuador
Sociodemographic Analysis of the Profile and the Motivations of Tourists Visiting Quito, Ecuador
Analise do perfil sociodemografico e das motivações do turista que visita quito (Equador)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v28n68.70473Palabras clave:
destino, Latinoamérica, motivación, turismo cultural (es)destination, Latin America, motivation, cultural tourism (en)
América Latina, destino, motivação, turismo cultural (pt)
Este artículo presenta un análisis, fundamentado en un trabajo de campo, sobre las características sociodemográficas, las formas de preparación, las motivaciones y las valoraciones del viaje de los turistas que visitan Quito, Ecuador. Los resultados de la investigación muestran la diferenciación del perfil del turista en cuanto a preparación, motivación y valoración del destino, dependiendo del área geográfica de la cual proceda. La principal aplicación práctica de esta investigación es comprender las características de los turistas que visitan Quito, con el objetivo de concebir productos culturales y turísticos que satisfagan las necesidades de los distintos grupos de turistas.
This paper presents a fieldwork-based analysis on the sociodemographic characteristics, travel arrangements, motivations and travel experience evaluation of tourists visiting Quito, Ecuador. The results of this research show differences in the profile of tourists in terms of travel arrangements, their motivation and their evaluation of the destination, based on tourists’ geographical origin. The main practical implication of this research is to better understand the characteristics of tourists who visit Quito, with the purpose of designing cultural and touristic products that meet the needs of different groups of travelers.
Este artigo apresenta uma análise fundamentada em um trabalho de campo sobre as características sociodemográficas, as formas de planejamento, as motivações e as apreciações sobre a viagem que têm os turistas que visitam Quito (Equador). Os resultados da pesquisa mostram a diferença do perfil do turista quanto ao planejamento, à motivação e à apreciação do destino, dependendo da área geográfica da qual proceda. A principal aplicação prática desta pesquisa é compreender as características dos turistas que visitam Quito, com o objetivo de conceber produtos culturais e turísticos que satisfaçam as necessidades dos diferentes grupos de turistas.
Referencias
Abuamoud, I. N., Libbin, J., Green, J., & Alrousan, R. (2014). Factors affecting the willingness of tourists to visit cultural heritage site in Jordan. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 9(2), 148-165. doi: 10.1080/1743873X.2013.874429.
Anholt, S. (2006). Competitive Identity: The News Brand Management for Nations, Cities and Regions. Londres: MacMillan Education.
Antón, C., Camarero, C., & Laguna-García, M. (2017). Towards a new approach of destination royalty drivers: satisfaction, visit intensity and tourist motivation. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(3), 238-260. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2014.936834.
Aziz Y. A., Rahman A. A., Hassan H., & Hamid S. H. (2015). Exploring the Islamic and halal tourism definition. Hospitality and Tourism 2015: Proceedings of HTC 2015 (Malacca, Malaysia, 2-3 November 2015), 139
Breakey, N. M. (2012). Studying World Heritage visitors: the case of the remote Riversleigh Fossil Site. Visitor Studies, 15(1), 82-97. doi: 10.1080/10645578.2012.660845.
Bruner, T. A., Stöcklin, M., & Opwis, K. (2008). Satisfaction, image and loyalty: new versus experienced customers. European Journal of Marketing, 42(9/10), 1095-1105. doi: 10.1108/03090560810891163.
Chen, C. F., & Chen, F. S. (2010). Experience quality, perceive value, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions for heritage tourists. Tourism Management, 31(1), 29-35. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2009.02.008.
Correia, A., Kozak, M., & Ferradeira, J. (2013). From tourist motivations to tourist satisfaction. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(4), 411-424. doi: 10.1108/IJCTHR-05-2012-0022.
Croes, R., & Rivera, M. (2015). Tourism's potential to benefit the poor: a social accounting matrix model applied to Ecuador. Tourism Economics, 23(1), 29-48. doi: 10.5367/te.2015.0495.
Crompton, J. L. (1979). Motivations for pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research, 6(4), 408-424. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5.
Crompton, J. L., & McKay, S. L. (1997). Motives of visitors attending festival events. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(2), 425-439. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(97)80010-2.
Dann, G. M. (1981). Tourist motivation an appraisal. Annals of tourism research, 8(2), 187-219. doi: 10.1016/0160-7383(81)90082-7.
Devesa, M., Laguna, M., & Palacios, A. (2010). The role of motivation in visitor satisfaction: Empirical evidence in rural tourism. Tourism Management, 31(4), 547-552. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2009.06.006.
Di Giovine, M. A. (2009). The heritage-scape. UNESCO, World Heritage, and Tourism. Lanham: Lexington Book.
Empresa Pública Metropolitana de Gestión de Destino Turismo [EPMGDT]. (2016). Llegadas y salidas a Quito. Recuperado el 23 de octubre del 2017, de Recuperado el 23 de octubre del 2017, de http://www.quito-turismo.gob.ec/estadísticas/llegadas-y-salidas-quito . [Full Text]
Erskine, L. M., & Meyer, D. (2012). Influenced and influential: the role of tour operators and development organisations in tourism and poverty reduction in Ecuador. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(3), 339-357. doi: 10.1080/09669582.2011.630470.
Everingham, P. (2015). Intercultural exchange and mutuality in volunteer tourism: The case of intercambie in Ecuador. Tourist Studies, 15(2), 175-190. doi: 10.1177/1468797614563435.
García-Sanchís, M. G., & Gil, I. G. (2012). Expectativas, satisfacción y lealtad en los servicios hoteleros. Un enfoque desde la cultura nacional. Papers de Turisme, 37-38, 7-25.
Gascón, J. (2016). Residential tourism and depeasantisation in the Ecuadorian Andes. Journal of Peasant Studies, 43(4), 868-885. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2015.1052964.
Gursoy, D., & Umbreit, W. T. (2004). Tourist information search behaviour: crosscultural comparison of European Union member states. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 23(1), 55-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2003.07.004.
Hidalgo, M. C. (2014). Cognitive and affective dimensions of tourism destination image. An approach through the theory of social representation. Murcia: Universidad de Murcia.
Hofstede, G. (1983). The cultural relativity of organizational practices and theories. Journal of International Business Studies, 14(2), 75-89.
Hosany, S., & Gilbert, D. (2010). Measuring tourists' emotional experiences toward hedonic holiday destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 49(4), 513-526. doi: 10.1177/0047287509349267.
Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1982). Toward a social psychological theory of tourism motivation: A rejoinder. Annals of Tourism Research, 9(2), 256-262. doi: 10.1016/0160-7383(82)90049-4.
Kim, Y. H., Goh, B. K. & Yuan, J. J. (2010). Development of a Multi-Dimensional Scale for Measuring Food Tourist Motivations. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 11(71), 56-71. doi: 10.1080/15280080903520568.
Kim, S. S. & Lee, C. K. (2002). Push and pull relationships. Annals of tourism research, 29(1), 257-260.
Ko, E., Kim, E., Taylor, Ch. R., Kim, K. H., & Kang, I. J. (2007). Cross-national market segmentation in the fashion industry. A study of European, Korean, and US consumers. International Marketing Review, 24(5), 629-651. doi: 10.1108/02651330710828022.
Kozak, M. (2001). Comparative assessment of tourist satisfaction with destinations across two nationalities. Tourism Management, 22, 391-401. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00064-9.
Kozak, M. (2002). Comparative analysis of tourist motivations by nationality and destinations. Tourism Management, 23, 221-232. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(01)00090-5.
Leclerc, D. & Martin, J. N. (2004): Tour guide communication competence: French, German and American tourists' perceptions. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 28, 181-200. doi: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2004.06.006.
Lilien, G. L. & Rangaswamy, A. (2003). New Product and Brand Management: Marketing Engineering Applications. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Millet, O. F. (2011). La imagen de un destino turístico como herramienta de marketing. Málaga: Grupo Eumednet.
Ministerio de Turismo de Ecuador. (2016). Estadísticas de turismo 2009-2015. Quito: Servicio de Publicaciones.
Moulin, C. (2000). Gastronomy and tourism: must every tourist wish our command? Revue du Tourism, 1, 19-24. doi: 10.1108/eb058326.
Money, R. B., & Crotts, J. C. (2003): The effect of uncertainty avoidance on information search, planning, and purchases of international travel vacations. Tourism Management, 24, 191-202. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00057-2.
Nguyen, T. H. H., & Cheung, C. (2014). The classification of heritage visitors: a case of Hue City, Vietnam. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 9(1), 35-50. doi:10.1080/1743873X.2013.818677.
Nicolau, J. L., & Mas, F. (2006). The influence of distance and prices on the choice of tourist destinations. The moderating role of motivations. Tourism Management, 27(5), 982-996. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2005.09.009.
Nunnaly, J. C., & Bernstein, I.H. (1994). Psychometric theory. Nueva York: McGraw-Hill.
Park, H. Y. (2014). Heritage tourism. Londres: Routledge.
Pérez, J., Muñoz-Fernández, G., & López-Guzmán, T. (2015). Wine festivals as a vehicle of promotion of a tourist destination. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(3), 574-581. doi: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s2p574.
Pisonero, R. D. (2012). La incidencia del turismo en la evolución de la conectividad aérea española (1970-2008). Cuadernos de Turismo, 29, 137-159.
Poria, Y., Butler, R., & Airey, D. (2003). The core of heritage tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30, 238-254. doi: 10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00064-6.
Remoaldo, P. C., Vareiro, L., Ribeiro, J. C., & Santos, J. F. (2014). Does gender affect visiting a World Heritage Site? Visitor Studies, 17(1), 89-106. doi:10.1080/10645578.2014.885362.
Saipradist, A., & Staiff, R. (2007). Crossing the cultural divide: Western visitors and interpretation at Ayutthaya World Heritage Site, Thailand. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 2(3), 211-224. doi: 10.2167/jht061.0.
Sidali, K. L., Yépez-Morocho, P., & Garrido-Pérez, E. I. (2016). Food tourism in indigenous settings as a strategy of sustainable development: The case of Ile guayusa Loes in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Sustainability, 8, 967-984. doi: 20.3390/su8100967.
Timothy, D. J., & Boyd, S. W. (2003). Heritage tourism. New Jersey: Pearson Education.
Timothy, D. J. & Boyd, S. W. (2006). Heritage tourism in the 21st century: Valued traditions and new perspectives. Journal of heritage tourism, 1(1), 1-16. doi: 10.1080/17438730608668462.
Timothy, D. J. (2011). Cultural heritage and tourism: An introduction. Brighton: Channel View Publications.
Tucker, H., & Carnegie, E. (2014). World heritage and the contradictions of universal value. Annals of Tourism Research, 47, 63-76. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2014.04.003.
Vong, L. T.-N., & Ung, A. (2012). Exploring critical factors of Macau's heritage tourism: what heritage tourists are looking for when visiting the city's iconic heritage site. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 17(3), 231-245. doi: 10.1080/10941665.2011.625431.
Yang, C. H., Lin, H. L., & Han, C. C. (2010). Analysis of international tourist arrivals in China: The role of World Heritage Sites. Tourism Management, 31(6), 827-837. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2009.08.008.
Yuan, J., & Jang, S. (2008). The effects of quality and satisfaction on awareness and behavioral intentions: exploring the role of a wine festival. Journal of Travel Research, 46(1), 279-288. doi: 10.1177/0047287507308322.
Dimensions
PlumX
Visitas a la página del resumen del artículo
Descargas
Cómo citar
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2018 Innovar

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0.
Todos los artículos publicados por Innovar se encuentran disponibles globalmente con acceso abierto y licenciados bajo los términos de Creative Commons Atribución-No_Comercial-Sin_Derivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Una vez seleccionados los artículos para un número, y antes de iniciar la etapa de cuidado y producción editorial, los autores deben firmar una cesión de derechos patrimoniales de su obra. Innovar se ciñe a las normas colombianas en materia de derechos de autor.
El material de esta revista puede ser reproducido o citado con carácter académico, citando la fuente.
Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons:








