Dieta y enfermedad coronaria
Diet and coronary health disease
Palabras clave:
dieta, nutrición, enfermedad coronaria, cardiopatía isquémica, factores de riesgo, infarto del miocardio (es)diet, nutrition, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction (en)
Las enfermedades cardiocerebrovasculares, entre ellas la enfermedad coronaria, constituyen un problema de salud pública en Colombia, siendo la primera causa de muerte en población mayor de 45 años.
Existen diversos factores relacionados con la alimentación que se han asociado consistentemente con la aparición de estas enfermedades como el alto consumo de grasa saturada, ácidos grasos trans (AGT), colesterol, carbohidratos y sodio, entre otros.
El proceso de cuidado nutricional del individuo con enfermedad coronaria comprende la evaluación nutricional, la determinación de requerimientos nutricionales y de las características de la dieta y una evaluación constante para efectuar los ajustes necesarios. Este paciente requiere la atención integral por parte del equipo de salud, con un criterio interdisciplinario, en donde el papel del profesional nutricionista dietista es esencial para llevar a cabo el proceso de cuidado nutricional anteriormente descrito.
Cardiovascular diseases, such as the coronary disease are a problem of public health in Colombia, being the first cause of death in people older than 45 years old.
There are many factors related to food that have been strongly associated with the existence of these diseases, for instance: a high intake of saturated fat, trans fatty acids (TFA), cholesterol, carbohydrates and sodium, among others. The process of nutritional care of the person with coronary disease involves nutritional assessment, the determination of the nutritional requirements and the constant surveillance in order to do the necessary changes.
This patient needs integral attention from the health team, with an interdisciplinary criterion; the role of the dietician is very important in order to carry out the process of nutritional care previously described.
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