Publicado

2006-07-01

Apoptosis de las células Beta del páncreas durante la diabetes de tipo I

Pancratic beta cells in type 1 diabetes

Palabras clave:

apoptosis, diabetes mellitus tipo 1, páncreas, citocinas, células. (es)
apoptosis, diabetes mellitus type 1, pancreas, cytokines, cells (en)

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Autores/as

  • Camila Manrique MD. Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
  • Diego G. Silva MD. PhD. Division of Immunology and Genetics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University

La diabetes de tipo 1 se produce como resultado de la destrucción de las células ß del páncreas. Durante la progresión de la enfermedad las células se ven crónicamente atacadas por un infiltrado inflamatorio de tipo autoinmune con gran cantidad de productos entre los cuales se encuentran citocinas y derivados de la oxidación. Estos compuestos son dañinos para la célula ß, y la obligan a montar mecanismos de defensa para contrarrestar el ataque inmunológico

inespecífico. Sin embargo, y debido a la cronicidad de la inflamación, las células ß terminan expresando moléculas que al ser activadas inducen apoptosis de manera específica, de la cual no pueden escapar y terminan por destruirse. En este artículo hacemos una revisión de los mecanismos que conllevan a la apoptosis de las células ß enfatizando en la repuesta de éstas al ambiente adverso. El estudio de la biología de la célula ß es indispensable para comprender la fisiopatología de la diabetes de tipo 1 y así acercarse al desarrollo de terapias para prevenir o tratar la enfermedad.

Type 1 diabetes is the result of the immune destruction of the ß cells islet. During the progression of the disease, ß cells are chronically attacked by an autoimmune infiltrate with inflammatory products including cytokines and oxidation derivates. In response to this adverse inflammatory environment, ß cells are able to produces a protective response to avoid non-specific apoptosis signals; however it renders them susceptible to specific cell death. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of ß cell death in type 1 diabetes, focusing on their ability to adapt to inflammation. These studies add to the understanding of the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes and contribute to the development of therapies to prevent or treat the disease.

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Cómo citar

Manrique, C., & Silva, D. G. (2006). Apoptosis de las células Beta del páncreas durante la diabetes de tipo I. Revista De La Facultad De Medicina, 54(3), 181-190. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/revfacmed/article/view/43867

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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

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