Volumen 64, Número 4, Revista de la Facultad de Medicina

Publicado

2016-10-01

Uso de instrumentos clínicos para la evaluación de pacientes y resultados de tratamiento en trastornos por uso de sustancias (TUS)

Using clinical tools for assessing patients and treatment outcomes for Substance Use Disorders

Palabras clave:

Trastornos relacionados con sustancias, Resultado del tratamiento, Psicometría, Evaluación de Programas (es)
Substance-Related Disorders, Treatment outcome, Psychometrics, Program Evaluation (en)

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Autores/as

  • Luis Fernando Giraldo-Ferrer Empresa Social del Estado Hospital CARISMA - Departamento de Psiquiatría - Medellín - Colombia.
  • Juan David Tirado-Velásquez Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana - Sede Medellín - Facultad de Medicina - Grupo de Investigación Psiquiatría de Enlace - Medellín - Colombia.
  • Juan Carlos Restrepo-Medrano Universidad de Antioquia - Sede Medellín - Facultad de Enfermería - Grupo de Investigación Emergencias y Desastres - Medellín - Colombia.
  • Andrés Felipe Tirado-Otalvaro Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana - Sede Medellín - Facultad de Enfermería - Grupo de Investigación Cuidado - Medellín – Colombia

Introducción. En la actualidad resulta imprescindible contar con instrumentos que permitan evaluar los resultados de tratamiento en pacientes con trastornos por uso de sustancias.

Objetivo. Revisar la literatura científica de los últimos 10 años relacionada con la validación y el uso de instrumentos o de otros indicadores de resultado para la evaluación de tratamientos de trastornos por uso de sustancias.

Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos científicos publicados entre 2005 y 2015 que abordaran el tema de instrumentos de medida de los trastornos por uso de sustancias y la efectividad de los tratamientos. Se utilizó la base de datos MEDLINE y se limitó la búsqueda a títulos, resúmenes y textos completos disponibles.

Resultados. Se seleccionaron 21 estudios de validación de instrumentos, 14 de evaluación de resultados utilizando instrumentos, 5 revisiones narrativas y 2 sistemáticas.

Conclusiones. Los instrumentos encontrados exploran diferentes áreas según el tipo de tratamiento y los objetivos propuestos, sin embargo no hay una prueba única que permita evaluar de manera íntegra los resultados del tratamiento debido a la complejidad del tema. Se recomienda continuar con el desarrollo y validación de instrumentos específicos para tratamientos complejos en instituciones que trabajan con modelos terapéuticos integrales.

Introduction: Having tools to assess the outcomes of treatment in patients with substance use disorders is highly important.

Objective: To review the last 10 years of scientific literature related to the validation and use of instruments or other performance measures in treatment evaluation.

Materials and methods: A search of scientific papers, published between 2005 and 2015, addressing measurement instruments for substance use disorders and effectiveness of treatments was performed. The MEDLINE database was used and the search was limited to titles, abstracts and full texts available.

Results: 21 instrument validation studies, 14 performance evaluations using instruments, 5 narrative reviews and 2 systematic reviews were selected.

Conclusions: The found instruments explore different areas depending on the type of treatment and proposed objectives; however, there is not a unique test to fully assess the results of treatment due to the complexity of the topic. It is recommended to continue the development and validation of specific tools for complex treatments in institutions working with comprehensive therapeutic models.

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