Evaluación del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS) mediante instrumentos de medición como escalas y fórmulas matemáticas

Franklin Escobar-Córdoba; Javier Eslava-Schmalbach

Volumen 64,Numero 1, Suplemento SAHOS, Revista de la Facultad de Medicina

Publicado

2017-08-02

Evaluación del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS) mediante instrumentos de medición como escalas y fórmulas matemáticas

Evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) using measurement instruments such as scales and mathematical formulas

Palabras clave:

Psicometría, Síndromes de la apnea del sueño, Diagnóstico, Escalas. (es)
Psychometrics, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Diagnosis, Scales. (en)

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Autores/as

Franklin Escobar-Córdoba Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Medicina - Departamento de Psiquiatría - Bogotá D. C. - Colombia. Fundación Sueño Vigilia Colombiana - Centro de Sueño - Bogotá D.C.- Colombia.
Javier Eslava-Schmalbach Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Hospital universitario Nacional de Colombia - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación (SCARE) - Tecnology Development Center - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia

Resumen (es)
Resumen (en)

La psicometría del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS) se puede proporcionar con el uso de variados métodos de evaluación como entrevistas clínicas, escalas, cuestionarios de sueño, autoregistros y registros psicofisiológicos. La prueba de oro para el diagnóstico de esta enfermedad sigue siendo la polisomnografía, la cual puede llegar a tener altos costos y dificultades para acceder al estudio. Debido a la alta morbimortalidad asociada a este síndrome, se requieren instrumentos que permitan la identificación rápida de individuos que puedan estar en riesgo de padecerlo. Por tales motivos, se han desarrollado herramientas que permiten detectar los pacientes en riesgo de presentar SAHOS, tales como el Cuestionario de Berlín, el STOP-Bang y la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth. Es importante tener en cuenta los alcances y limitaciones de estas herramientas para escoger el instrumento indicado según lo que se desee evaluar.

The psychometry of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) can be obtained through various methods of evaluation such as clinical interviews, scales, sleep questionnaires, self-reports and psychophysiological records. The gold test for the diagnosis of this disease is still polysomnography, which can be expensive and poses difficulties to access the study. Due to the high morbidity and mortality associated with this syndrome, instruments are needed to allow the rapid identification of individuals who may be at risk. In consequence, different tools have been developed to detect patients at risk, such as the Berlin Questionnaire, the STOP-Bang and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Considering the scope and limitations of these tools is important to choose the correct instrument depending on what needs to be evaluated.

Citas

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