Efectos del tratamiento con quimioterapia y radioterapia concomitante sobre los volúmenes pulmonares en mujeres con cáncer de mama en Talca, Chile
Effects of concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy on lung volumes in women with breast cancer living in Talca, Chile
Palabras clave:
Cáncer de mama, Radioterapia, Capacidad inspiratoria, Volumen residual (es)Breast Cancer, Radiotherapy, Inspiratory Capacity, Residual Volume (en)
Introducción. El cáncer de mama (CM) es la enfermedad crónica no transmisible más frecuente y letal en mujeres. La información disponible sobre el impacto de sus diversos tratamientos en el sistema respiratorio es controversial.
Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del tratamiento con quimioterapia y radioterapia concomitante en los volúmenes pulmonares de un grupo de mujeres con CM en Talca, Chile.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio de casos y controles. La muestra (n=22) se dividió en dos grupos: control (n=11) y con CM (n=11). Para medir la capacidad vital forzada, los volúmenes pulmonares y la resistencia de las vías aéreas, se usó la prueba de pletismografía corporal. Para determinar la normalidad de los datos, se usó la prueba Shapiro-Wilks y, según sus resultados, se utilizó la prueba de t-Student o la de U de Mann-Whitney; se consideró un nivel de significancia de p<0.05.
Resultados. Los flujos ventilatorios no presentaron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos, mientras que los volúmenes pulmonares en el grupo con CM experimentaron una disminución significativa en las variables capacidad inspiratoria (CI) y volumen residual (VR) (p<0.05).
Conclusión. Las mujeres con CM y que fueron tratadas con quimioterapia y radioterapia concomitante experimentaron una disminución en su CI y su VR en comparación con el grupo control, lo que podría impactar su calidad de vida.
Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent and lethal chronic non-communicable disease in women, and available information on the impact that the different treatments for BC have on the respiratory system is controversial.
Objective: To determine the effect of concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy on lung volumes in a group of women with BC living in Talca, Chile.
Material and methods: Case-control study. The sample (n=22) was divided into two groups: control (n=11) and BC (n=11). A whole body plethysmography test was used to measure participants’ forced vital capacity, lung volumes, and airway resistance. The Shapiro-Wilks test was used to determine the normality of data, and, according to the result of this test, the Student’s t test or the Mann-Whitney U test were used. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered.
Results: Ventilatory flows showed no significant differences between both groups, while lung volumes in the BC group experienced a significant decrease in the inspiratory capacity (IC) and residual volume (RV) variables (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Compared to the CG, the women with BC who received concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy experienced a reduction of their IC and RV, which could affect their quality of life.
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