Publicado

2020-12-15

Cycling in South America, 1880-1920

Ciclismo en Suramérica, 1880-1920

Ciclismo na América do Sul, 1880-1920

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/achsc.v48n1.91552

Palabras clave:

cycling, entertainment, landscape, media, sport, transport (en)
ciclismo, deporte, medios, paisaje, recreación, transporte (es)
ciclismo, esporte, mídia, panorama, transporte (pt)

Autores/as

  • Matthew Brown University of Bristol

Historians have tended to ignore the South American experience of cycling. The continent’s diverse history of sports has been effaced by a popular and academic focus on soccer. The global history of cycling has therefore omitted South America from its analysis, perpetuating mistaken assumptions about the continent’s absence from technological and social innovation. This article analyses the sources located across the continent to demonstrate that cyclists raced, toured, and did acrobatics, often watched by thousands of spectators, attracting the attention of chroniclers and the media. The physical sensations of travelling through the environment on a pedal-powered machine were new and unexpected. With its focus on cycling as sport, recreation and mode of transport, this article inserts South America into the early global history of cycling.

Los historiadores no han reconocido la experiencia sudamericana del ciclismo. La historiografía de los deportes en el continente se ha enfocado, a causa de su popularidad, en el futbol. En consecuencia, la historia global del ciclismo ha excluido a América del Sur de su análisis, suponiendo que la bicicleta nunca llegó, y ha perpetuado errores sobre la ausencia del continente en las redes sociales y tecnológicas de la modernidad. El presente artículo analiza fuentes ubicadas por todo el continente para demostrar que, cuando los y las ciclistas corrían, se movilizaban por las ciudades y las provincias y hasta hacían maniobras acrobáticas en sus bicicletas, muchas veces ante miles de espectadores y la atención de los medios de comunicación. Así, el trabajo se enfoca en el ciclismo como deporte, como recreación y como modo de transporte, e interpone la historia de América del Sur en la historia global del ciclismo.

Os historiadores tendem a ignorar a experiência sul-americana do ciclismo. A diversificada história esportiva do continente com o foco popular e acadêmico no futebol. A história global do ciclismo, portanto, omitiu a América do Sul de sua análise pressupondo que a bicicleta nunca chegou, perpetuando suposições equivocadas sobre a ausência do continente de inovação tecnológica e social. Este artigo analisa fontes localizadas em todo o continente para demonstrar que os e as ciclistas corriam, passeavam cidades e províncias e até praticavam acrobacias, frequentemente assistidos por milhares de espectadores e atraindo a atenção da mídia. Com seu foco no ciclismo como esporte, recreação e modo de transporte, este artigo insere a América do Sul na história global do ciclismo.

Referencias

Works cited

I. PRIMARY SOURCES

Archives

Biblioteca Nacional de Chile, Santiago, Chile

Sala Gabriela Mistral

Biblioteca Aurelio Espinosa Pólit, Quito, Ecuador

The National Archives, Kew-London, United Kingdom

Foreign Office

Printed documents and manuscripts

Compañía “Guía del Ecuador”. El Ecuador: guía comercial, agrícola e industrial de la República. Guayaquil: E. Rodenas, 1909.

Hefty, Oswald. Dieppe, Middelburg, Bruxelles: 8 jours à bicyclette. Paris: Librairie Sportive, 1894.

López Decoud, Arsenio. Álbum gráfico de la República del Paraguay: un siglo de vida nacional, 1811-1911. Buenos Aires: Talleres Gráficos de la Compañía General de Fósforos, 1911.

Los Problemas internacionales de Chile. La cuestión argentina. El tratado de 1881 y negociaciones posteriores. Santiago de Chile: Impr. Encuadernación y Litogr. Esmeralda, 1902.

Petit-Breton, Louis. Comment je cours sur la route. Paris: L’Auto, 1908.

Reglamento para las carreras de caballos y de bicicletas en el Hipódromo de la Gran Sabana. Bogotá: Imprenta de Eduardo Espinosa Guzmán, 1898.

Santos-Dumont, Alberto. My Airships: The Story of My Life. London: Grant Richards, 1904.

Zorrilla, José M. Veraneo en Mar del Plata. Buenos Aires: n.e., 1913.

Other media

Carrera de bicicletas en el Velódromo de Arroyo Seco. Dir. Félix Oliver. C. 1898.

Periodicals

Magazines

A Bicycleta (1896)

A Cigarra (1914)

A Vida Sportiva (1903)

Arte & Sport (1903)

Caras y Caretas (1898-1900)

Corre Vuela (1908)

El Ciclista (1899)

El Sport Ilustrado (1909)

Good Roads (1894)

La Ilustración Ecuatoriana (1909)

La Ilustración Sud-americana (1895)

Revista Illustrada (1892)

Sport Illustrato (1958)

Zig-Zag (1909, 1922)

Newspapers

El Comercio [Quito] 1909

El Comercio [Lima] 1896-1910

El Gráfico [Bogotá] 1911

El Grito del Pueblo [Guayaquil] 1900-1901

El Luchador [Esmeraldas] 1905

El Mercurio de Valparaíso [Valparaíso] 1898-1900

El Rayo X [Bogotá] 1897

El Telégrafo [Guayaquil] 1897

Jornal do Brazil [Rio de Janeiro] 1892

La Nación [Guayaquil] 1900

La Vie au Grand Air [Paris] 1909

The Southern Cross [Buenos Aires] 1898

The Standard [Buenos Aires] 1898

II. SECONDARY SOURCES

Alabarces, Pablo. Historia mínima del fútbol en América Latina. Ciudad de México: El Colegio de México, 2018.

Archetti, Eduardo. Masculinities: Football, Polo and the Tango in Argentina. Oxford: Berg, 1991.

Balmaceda, Daniel. Estrellas del pasado. Buenos Aires: Penguin Random House, 2015.

Baquerizo Maldonado, José and Danilo Carrera Drouet. Historia del movimiento olímpico ecuatoriano. Quito: Comité Olímpico Ecuatoriano, 2012.

Barman, Roderick J. Citizen Emperor: Pedro II and the Making of Brazil, 1825-1891. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999.

Bauer, Arnold. Goods, Power, History: Latin America’s Material Culture. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001.

Beezley, William. “Bicycles, Modernization, and Mexico”. Sport and Society in Latin America: Diffusion, Dependency and the Rise of Mass Culture. Ed. Joseph L. Arbena. New York: Greenwood Press, 1988.

Bocketti, Gregg. “Sports Cultures and the Varieties of Latin American Identity”. Latin American Research Review 52.1 (2017): 157-163.

Brown, Matthew. Our Common Goals: Sports and Societies in South America, 1863-1930. New Haven: Yale University Press, in press.

Brown, Matthew. “The global history of Latin America”. Journal of Global History 10.3 (2015): 365-386.

Coletta, Michela. Decadent Modernity: Civilization and ‘Latinidad’ in Spanish America. Liverpool: University of Liverpool, 2018.

Coppola, Rubén. “Velódromos en Montevideo 1890 a 1938”. Deportes en Acción. Nov. 26, 2009. Available at: http://deportesenaccion.com.uy/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=364:velodromos-en-montevideo-1890-al 1938-&catid=18:ruben-coppola&Itemid=11.

Cox, Peter. “Rethinking Bicycle Histories”. The Invisible Bicycle: New Insights into Bicycle History. Eds. Tina Männistö-Funk and Timo Myllyntaus. Leiden: Brill, 2018. 23-47.

Ebert, Anne-Katrin. “Cycling towards the Nation: The Use of the Bicycle in Germany and the Netherlands, 1880-1940”. European Review of History 11.3 (2004): 347-364.

Elias, Norbert and Eric Dunning. The Quest for Excitement: Sport and Leisure in the Civilizing Process. London: Basil Blackwell, 1986.

Elsey, Brenda. Citizens & Sportsmen: Fútbol and Politics in Twentieth Century Chile. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2011.

Elsey, Brenda and Joshua H. Nadel. Futbolera: A History of Women and Sports in Latin American. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2019.

“Escarabajos de dos ruedas: Los velocipedistas”. Revista Credencial Historia (2005).

Fernandes da Silva, Carolina, Eduardo Klein Carmona and Janice Zarpellon Mazo. “História do ciclismo em Porto Alegre: os altos e baixos de uma prática”. Cinergis 16.1 (2015): 39-46.

Foot, John. Pedalare Pedalare: A History of Italian Cycling. London: Bloomsbury, 2014.

Foote, Nicola and Michael Goebel, eds. Immigration and National Identities in Latin America. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2014.

Frydenberg, Julio, Rodrigo Daskal and Cesar R. Torres. “Sports Clubs with Football in Argentina: Conflicts, Debates and Continuities”. The International Journal of the History of Sport 30.14 (2013): 1670-1686.

Gaffney, Christopher Thomas. Temples of the Earthbound Gods: Stadiums in the Cultural Landscapes of Rio de Janeiro and Buenos Aires. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2008.

Gambeta, Wilson Roberto. “A bola rolou: O Velódromo Paulista e os espetáculos de futebol 1895-1916”. Doctoral thesis in Social History. São Paulo: Universidade de São Paulo, 2013.

Gruber Garvey, Ellen. “Reframing the Bicycle: Magazines and Scorching Women”. The Adman in the Parlour: Magazines and the Gendering of Consumer Culture, 1880s to 1910s. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.

Guttman, Allan. Games and Empires: Modern Sports and Cultural Imperialism. New York: Columbia University Press, 1994.

Hanna, Erika. “Seeing Like a Cyclist: Visibility and Mobility in Modern Dublin, c.1930-1980”. Urban History 42.2 (2015): 273-289.

Heggie, Vanessa. “Bodies, Sport and Science in the Nineteenth Century”. Past & Present 231 (2016): 170-178.

Herlihy, David L. Bicycle: The History. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004.

“Historia del ciclismo”. Federación argentina de ciclismo de pista y ruta. Available at: http://www.ciclismoarg.com.ar/#!historia/c6ds.

“Historia del ciclismo en Venezuela”. El pedal. Available at: http://animaldecostumbre.blogspot.com/p/un-poco-de-historia.html.

Hora, Roy. Historia del turf argentino. Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI, 2014.

Horna, Hernán. A History of Latin America. Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet / The Hugo Valentin Centre, 2011.

Hyatt, Willie. The Rarified Air of the Modern: Airplanes and Technological Modernity in the Andes. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.

Levson, Sonja. “Constructing Elite Identities: University Students, Military Masculinity and the Consequences of the Great War in Britain and Germany”. Past & Present 198 (2008): 149-155.

Lopes, Teresa da Silva and Paulo Guimares. “Trademarks and British Dominance in Consumer Goods, 1876-1914”. Economic History Review 67.3 (2014): 793-817.

Mangan, J. A. “The Early Evolution of Modern Sport in Latin America: A Mainly English Middle-Class Inspiration”. The International Journal of the History of Sport 18.3 (2001): 9-42.

Marquese, Rafael and João Paulo Pimenta. “Latin America and the Caribbean: Traditions of Global History”. Global History, Globally: Research and Practice around the World. Eds. Sven Beckert and Dominic Sachsenmaier. London: Bloomsbury, 2018. 67-82.

Mascarenhas, Gilmar. Entradas e bandeiras: a conquista do Brasil pelo futebol. Rio de Janeiro: eduerj, 2014.

Mason, P. P. “The League of American Wheelmen and the good-roads movement 1880-1905”. PhD dissertation. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 1957.

Mendieta, Andrés. “La primera bicicleta”. Portal informativo de Salta. Available at: http://www.portaldesalta.gov.ar/ciclihist.html.

Miller, Nicola. Reinventing Modernity in Latin America: Intellectuals Imagine the Future, 1900-1930. London: Springer, 2008.

Montero, Sergio. “Worlding Bogota’s Ciclovia: From Urban Experiment to International ‘Best Practice’”. Latin American Perspectives 44.2 (2017): 111-131.

Morales Fontanilla, Manuel. “Impossible Roads: Cycling Landscapes and Cultural Representation in Colombia, 1930-1958”. Doctoral thesis. San Diego: University of California, 2018.

Moraña, Mabel, Enrique Dussel and Carlos A. Jáuregui, eds. Coloniality at Large. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012.

Moya, José. “Latin America: Limitations and Meaning of a Historical Category”. Oxford Handbook of Latin American History. Ed. José Moya. Oxford: Oxford University Press., 2010. 1-10.

Muñoz Cabrejo, Fanni. “The New Order: Diversions and Modernization in Turn-of-the-Century Lima”. Latin American Popular Culture. Eds. William H. Beezley and Linda A. Curcio-Nagy. Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Inc., 2004. 153-165.

Nadel, Joshua. Fútbol! Why Soccer Matters in Latin America. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 2014.

Nascimiento, Douglas. “A história da bicicleta em São Paulo”. São Paulo Antigo. Nov. 9, 2015. Available at: http://www.saopauloantiga.com.br/a-bicicleta-em-sao-paulo/.

Norcliffe, Glen. The Ride to Modernity: The Bicycle in Canada, 1869-1900. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2001.

O’Brien, Flann. The Third Policeman. London: MacGibbon & Kee, 1967.

Osterhammel, Jürgen. The Transformation of the World: A Global History of the Nineteenth Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009.

Orlove, Benjamin, ed. The Allure of the Foreign: Imported Goods in Postcolonial Latin America. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1997.

Otero-Cleves, Ana María. “‘This Mixed Species of Population Will Consume’: Atlantic Expectations about Spanish American Consumers in the Age of Revolutions, 1780-1831”. JLAS 51.4 (2019): 745-769.

Pacheco, Juan José. “El antiguo velódromo de Lima (1897-1920)”. Rincón de historia peruana. Jan. 5, 2011. Available at: http://historiadordelperu.blogspot.com/2011/01/el-antiguo-velodromo-de-lima-1897-1920.html.

Podalsky, Laura. “Introduction”. Sports Culture in Latin American History. Ed. David M. K. Sheinin. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2015. 1-12.

Raffo, Victor. El origen británico del deporte argentino: Atletismo, cricket, fútbol, polo, remo y rugby durante las presidencias de Bartolomé Mitre, Domingo Sarmiento y Nicolas Avellaneda. Buenos Aires: n.e., 2005.

Rendell, Matt. Kings of the Mountains: How Colombia’s Cycling Heroes Changed their Nation’s History. London: Mainstream, 2002.

Rendell, Matt. Colombia es pasión! The Generation of Racing Cyclists who Changed their Nation and the Tour de France. London: W&N, 2020.

Ritchie, Andrew. Quest for Speed: Early Bicycle Racing 1868-1903. San Francisco: Cycle Publishing / Van der Plas Publications, 2011.

Ruiz Patiño, Jorge Humberto. La política del sport: élites y deporte en la construcción de la nación colombiana, 1903-1925. Medellín: La Carreta Editores / Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, 2010.

Salazar Rodríguez, María. “De encajes, sedas y moños: una historia del performance burgués y de la distinción social en Bogotá (1886-1899)”. Undergraduate thesis in History. Bogotá: Universidad del Rosario, 2012.

Schetino, André Maia. “A história da bicicleta e do ciclismo no Rio de Janeiro na transição dos séculos XIX e XX’. R.IHGB 169 (2008): 113-130.

Siredey, Francisco. “El enigma detrás de la participación chilena en los Juegos de 1896”. La Tercera [Santiago de Chile] Jul. 27, 2012.

Smethurst, Paul. The Bicycle: Towards a Global History. London: Palgrave Mac-millan, 2015.

Taylor, Matthew. “Sport, Transnationalism and Global History”. Journal of Global History 8.2 (2013): 199-208.

Thompson, Christopher S. The Tour de France: A Cultural History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006.

Thompson, James. “Pictorial Lies? Posters and Politics in Britain c.1880-1914”. Past & Present 197 (2007): 177-210.

Wolfe, Joel. Autos and Progress: The Brazilian Search for Modernity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.

Wood, David. “Representing Peru: Seeing the Female Sporting Body”. Journal of Latin American Cultural Studies 21.3 (2012): 417-436.

Wykeham, Peter. Santos-Dumont: A Study in Obsession. London: Putnam, 1962.

Cómo citar

CHICAGO-AUTHOR-DATE

Brown, Matthew. 2021. «Cycling in South America, 1880-1920». Anuario Colombiano De Historia Social Y De La Cultura 48 (1):287-325. https://doi.org/10.15446/achsc.v48n1.91552.

ACM

[1]
Brown, M. 2021. Cycling in South America, 1880-1920. Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura. 48, 1 (ene. 2021), 287–325. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/achsc.v48n1.91552.

ACS

(1)
Brown, M. . Cycling in South America, 1880-1920. Anu. colomb. histo. soc. cult. 2021, 48, 287-325.

APA

Brown, M. . (2021). Cycling in South America, 1880-1920. Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura, 48(1), 287–325. https://doi.org/10.15446/achsc.v48n1.91552

ABNT

BROWN, M. . Cycling in South America, 1880-1920. Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura, [S. l.], v. 48, n. 1, p. 287–325, 2021. DOI: 10.15446/achsc.v48n1.91552. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/achsc/article/view/91552. Acesso em: 7 mar. 2026.

Harvard

Brown, M. . (2021) «Cycling in South America, 1880-1920», Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura, 48(1), pp. 287–325. doi: 10.15446/achsc.v48n1.91552.

IEEE

[1]
M. . Brown, «Cycling in South America, 1880-1920», Anu. colomb. histo. soc. cult., vol. 48, n.º 1, pp. 287–325, ene. 2021.

MLA

Brown, M. . «Cycling in South America, 1880-1920». Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura, vol. 48, n.º 1, enero de 2021, pp. 287-25, doi:10.15446/achsc.v48n1.91552.

Turabian

Brown, Matthew. «Cycling in South America, 1880-1920». Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura 48, no. 1 (enero 1, 2021): 287–325. Accedido marzo 7, 2026. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/achsc/article/view/91552.

Vancouver

1.
Brown M. Cycling in South America, 1880-1920. Anu. colomb. histo. soc. cult. [Internet]. 1 de enero de 2021 [citado 7 de marzo de 2026];48(1):287-325. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/achsc/article/view/91552

Descargar cita

CrossRef Cited-by

CrossRef citations1

1. Priscila Requião Lessa, Carmen Lúcia Soares, Marcelo Moraes e Silva. (2023). Passeios de bicicleta, corridas esportivas: novos divertimentos na cidade de São Paulo (1896-1925). Topoi (Rio de Janeiro), 24(52), p.311. https://doi.org/10.1590/2237-101x02405214.

Dimensions

PlumX

Visitas a la página del resumen del artículo

2458

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.