Programas sociais e Agência Indígena entre os Sateré-Mawé do Baixo Amazonas em Brasil
Social programs and Indigenous Agency among the Sateré-Mawé of the Lower Amazon River, Brazil
Programas sociales y Agencia Indígena entre los Sateré-Mawé del Bajo Amazonas en Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ma.v10n1.73943Palabras clave:
Cosmografia Satere-Mawé, Índios Sul Americanos, Políticas Públicas, Programa de Transferência Condicional de Renda (pt)Satere-Mawé Cosmography, South American Indians, Public Policies, Conditional Cash Transfer Program (en)
Cosmografía Satere-Mawé, Indios Sudamericanos, Políticas públicas, Programa de Transferencia Condicional de Ingresos (es)
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O artigo analisa o encontro singular entre a cosmografia Sateré-Mawé e as políticas sociais do Estado brasileiro, em particular o Programa de Transferência Condicional de Renda. Os Sateré-Mawé têm como principais modalidades de relações com a natureza, uma considerada pouco exigente, que opera num sistema de operações simples, ativadas principalmente no contexto da aquisição/extração de recursos do ambiente. Tal modalidade coexiste com um regime exigente, caracterizado pelas obrigações e responsabilidades da pessoa adulta, capaz de dominar os processos produtivos que garantem sua capacidade de agência e existência. Os programas de transferências de renda criam sua própria ecologia política, contribuindo para erodir a autonomia ontológica Sateré-Mawé e para fortalecer o consumo incondicional que não potencializa as capacidades necessárias à replicação dos processos produtivos. A desvalorização das práticas de subsistência que, para além da reprodução física dos indivíduos, são também estratégias de construção da vida comunal, estimula um modo de vida sateré-mawé fundado no simples recebimento de bens, esvaziado das dimensões simbólicas, valorativas e auto construtivas da pessoa Sateré-Mawé.
The article analyzes the singular encounter between the Sateré-Mawé cosmography and the social policies of the Brazilian State, in particular the Conditional Cash Transfer Program. The Sateré-Mawé have as main modalities of relations with nature, one considered not demanding, that operates in a system of simple operations, activated mainly in the context of the acquisition / extraction of environmental resources. This modality coexists with a demanding regime, characterized by the obligations and responsibilities of the adult person, capable to have command of mastering the productive processes that guarantee their capacity for agency and existence. The Conditional Cash Transfer programs create their own political ecology, helping to eroding Sateré-Mawé's ontological autonomy and bolstering unconditional consumption, which fails to instantiate the necessary means to replicate productive processes. The devaluation of subsistence practices beyond the physical reproduction of persons are also strategies of constructing communal life, stimulates a concept of personhood based on the simple receipt of goods eroding symbolic, value-based and auto-constructive dimensions of the Sateré-Mawé person.
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