Behavior of cold-formed thin steel sections (MM) under concentrated loads
Determinación del comportamiento bajo cargas concentradas de perfiles de lámina delgada (MM)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v26n3.14744Keywords:
cold-formed steel, web crippling, stiffeners, hysteresis, finite elements, MM section, concentrated loads. (en)acero laminado en frío, arrugamiento del alma, rigidizadores, histéresis, elementos finitos, perfil MM (es)
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New sections are continually being developed in the cold-formed steel world to improve the performance of existing sections. M-section development provides an example of improving C-sections’ shear resistance and web crippling resistance against C-sections’ concentrated loads. C-sections’ shear nominal strength can be achieved through locating tow web intermediate stiffeners (M-sections) even though web crippling resistance cannot be increased in the same way. Such intermediate stiffeners mean that M-section stresses and deflections cannot be analysed with traditional material mechanics. Concentrated loads cause this behavior to become increased; 4 different models and 3 tests for each of them were thus developed, as well as determining M-sections’ theoretical resistance (based on 1996 AISI). The values obtained corresponded to maximum resistance load, visual identification of any possible type of failure, deflections (at middle span) and deformations (εx, εy, εxy). Mathematical models were also used for comparing the finite element method and simplified mathematical models’ test results for a detailed review of MM-section stress and deformation. These models were calibrated on the test results. After the failure mode was identified for each model, MM-section maximum resistance load was compared to nominal load (according to AISI formulation, also aiding formulating nominal strength calculation). The information obtained from tests and mathematical models was analysed to observe parameter (∆, σ y T) tendencies respecting applied load (P). Cyclic tests under pseudo-static loads were performed to study MM-sections’ hysteretic behavior.
En el campo de la lámina delgada continuamente aparecen nuevos tipos de perfiles que son desarrollados con el objeto de mejorar los ya existentes. Un ejemplo de esto es la aparición del perfil M, elaborado para mejorar la eficiencia a corte del perfil C y su resistencia al arrugamiento del alma por efecto de cargas concentradas.
Teóricamente, se logra el objetivo de mejorar la resistencia a corte del perfil C y de algún modo su resistencia al arrugamiento del alma, pero debido a los dobleces generados en el alma (rigidizadores intermedios) para acortar la longitud de pandeo, se producen comportamientos que desde el punto de vista de esfuerzos por flexión y deflexiones no pueden ser analizados con los fundamentos teóricos de la mecánica tradicional. Este comportamiento se ve acentuado con la presencia de cargas concentradas. Por la razón expuesta anteriormente, a parte de la determinación de la resistencia teórica del perfil M (basada en el AISI 1996), se desarrollan pruebas sobre cuatro modelos de los que se obtienen tópicos como: carga máxima resistida, identificación visual del posible tipo de falla, deflexiones (centro de la luz) y deformaciones unitarias (εx, εy, εxy), y adicionalmente se elaboran modelos matemáticos simplificados y por elementos finitos (en el programa COSMOS/M), con el fin de hacer una revisión detallada del comportamiento de los esfuerzos y deformaciones en el perfil. La calibración de estos modelos se lleva a cabo con base en los resultados obtenidos de los ensayos. De otra parte, se hacen pruebas cíclicas bajo cargas pseudoestáticas, con el objeto de estudiar el comportamiento histerético del perfil MM, con y sin rigidizadores.
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Copyright (c) 2006 Maritzabel Molina Herrera, Javier Alberto Ortíz Porras

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