Publicado

2015-02-01

Análisis de los factores de riesgo en el seguro de automóvil mediante ecuaciones estructurales

ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS IN CAR INSURANCE THROUGH STRUCTURAL EQUATIONS

ANÁLISE DOS FATORES DE RISCO NO SEGURO DE AUTOMÓVEL MEDIANTE EQUAÇÕES ESTRUTURAIS

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v25n1Spe.53369

Palabras clave:

Factores de riesgo, seguro del automóvil, sistema bonus-malus, ecuaciones estructurales. (es)
Risk factors, car insurance, bonus-malus system, structural equations (en)
Fatores de risco, seguro do automóvel, sistema de bonus-malus, equações estruturais (pt)

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La gestión de riesgos, asociada al seguro del automóvil, es una cuestión crucial a la que se enfrentan en la actualidad tanto actuarios como profesionales del sector. Es clave seleccionar adecuadamente los factores de riesgos para asignar las tarifas a los asegurados en función del riesgo asociado. Por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar empíricamente la validez de la utilización de los niveles de "bonus-malus" para clasificar adecuadamente a los asegurados a través de dos modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Los análisis sobre una muestra de 4.365 pólizas automovilísticas españolas descritas a través de 11 factores de riesgo muestran que la variable BM contribuye a mejorar la capacidad explicativa del modelo pero no de manera significativa.
Risk management, associated to car insurance, is a crucial issue currently faced by both actuaries and field professionals. It is essential to adequately choose the risk factors to assign the payment rates to policyholders according to the associated risks. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to demonstrate, in an empirical way, the validity of using "bonus malus" (BM) levels to classify policyholders correctly through two models of structural equations. The analysis of a sample of 4,365 Spanish car insurance policies described through 11 risk factors shows that the variable BM contributes to improving the explaining capacity of the model, though not in a significant way.
A gestão de riscos, associada com o seguro do automóvel, é uma questão crucial à qual se enfrentam, na atualidade, tanto atuários quanto profissionais do setor. É fundamental selecionar adequadamente os fatores de riscos para designar as tarifas aos segurados em função do risco associado. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é comprovar empiricamente a validade da utilização dos níveis de bonus-malus (BM) para classificar adequadamente os segurados por meio de dois modelos de equações estruturais. As análises sobre uma amostra de 4.365 apólices automobilísticas espanholas descritas por meio de 11 fatores de risco mostram que a variável BM contribui para a melhoria da capacidade explicativa do modelo, mas não de maneira significativa.

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Cómo citar

Segovia Vargas, M. J., Camacho-Miñano, M. del M., Pascual Ezama, D., & Rodríguez-Piñero, P. T. (2015). Análisis de los factores de riesgo en el seguro de automóvil mediante ecuaciones estructurales. Innovar, 25(1Spe), 121-130. https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v25n1Spe.53369