Publicado

2020-01-01

Fungicidal activity of volatile organic compounds from Paenibacillus bacteria against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

Actividad fungicida de compuestos orgánicos volátiles de la bacteria Paenibacillus contra Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

Atividade fungicida de compostos orgânicos voláteis da bactéria Paenibacillus contra Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v1n49.81996

Palabras clave:

marine bacteria, antifungal activity, HS-SPME-GC-MS. (en)
bacterias marinas, actividad antifúngica, HS-SPME-GC-MS. (es)
bactérias marinhas, atividade antifúngica, HS-SPME-GC-MS. (pt)

Autores/as

  • Laura Carolina Coconubo Guio Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Diana Cristina Sinuco León Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Leonardo Castellanos Hernández Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Some bacteria release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can influence the growth of other microorganisms including some pathogens. Identifying bacteria with antifungal activity makes it possible to use such bacteria in the development of biocontrol agents. Thus, the present study focuses on screening VOCs released by eight isolates from Paenibacillus genus, collected at Old Providence and Santa Catalina coral reef (Colombian Caribbean Sea), with antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 26B. The VOCs from Paenibacillus sp (PNM-50) showed inhibition rates higher than 50% in the mycelial fungi growth accompanied by macroscopic morphological changes and a reduction in conidiation. In order to identify the VOCs responsible for this antifungal bioactivity, Headspace-Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) from the bacterial culture was conducted, followed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The chromatographic results revealed a high abundance of VOCs released just by culture media. Once, the difference between VOCs emitted by culture media and bacteria was established, it was possible to make a putative identification of 2-furanmethanol, phenylacetonitrile, and 2,4-dimethylpentanol as possible VOCs responsible for the antifungal activity.

Algunas bacterias liberan compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COVs) que pueden influir en el crecimiento de otros microorganismos incluyendo algunos patógenos. La identificación de bacterias con actividad antifúngica hace posible el uso de tales bacterias en el desarrollo de agentes de biocontrol. Así pues, en este estudio, se realizó un examen dirigido exclusivamente a los COVs emitidos por ocho aislamientos bacterianos del género Paenibacillus, recolectados en el arrecife de coral de Providencia y Santa Catalina (Mar Caribe colombiano), con actividad antifúngica contra el hongo fitopatógeno Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 26B. Los COVs del aislamiento Paenibacillus ap (PNM-50) mostraron tasas de inhibición superiores al 50% en el crecimiento micelial del hongo, acompañado de cambios morfológicos macroscópicos y una reducción en la conidiación. Para identificar los COVs responsables de esta bioactividad antifúngica, se realizó microextracción en fase sólida del espacio de cabeza (HS-SPME) del cultivo de las bacterias y posterior análisis por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (GC-MS). Los resultados cromatográficos revelaron gran abundancia de COVs emitidos por los medios de cultivo. Una vez que se estableció la diferencia entre los COVs emitidos por el medio de cultivo y las bacterias, fue posible identificar tentativamente 2-furanmetanol, fenilacetonitrilo y 2,4-dimetilpentanol como COVs posiblemente responsables de la actividad antifúngica.

Algumas bactérias liberam compostos orgânicos voláteis (COV) que podem influenciar o crescimento de outros microorganismos, incluindo alguns patógenos. A identificação de bactérias com atividade antifúngica, possibilita seu uso no desenvolvimento de agentes de biocontrole. Neste estudo, foi realizada uma triagem focada nos COV liberados por oito isolados bacterianos do gênero Paenibacillus, coletados nos recifes de coral Old Providence e Santa Catalina (mar do Caribe colombiano), com atividade antifúngica contra fungos fitopatogênicos Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 26B. Os COV de Paenibacillus sp (PNM-50) apresentaram taxas de inibição superiores à 50% sobre o crescimento de fungos miceliais, acompanhadas de alterações morfológicas macroscópicas e redução da conidiação. Para identificar os COV responsáveis por essa bioatividade antifúngica, foi conduzida uma Microextração de Fase Sólida Headspace (HS-SPME) da cultura bacteriana e, em seguida, foi analisada por Cromatografia Gasosa associada à Espectrometria de Massa (GCMS). Os resultados cromatográficos revelaram uma alta abundância de COVs liberados apenas pelos meios de cultura. Uma vez estabelecida a diferença entre os COV emitidos pelos meios de cultura e bactérias, foi possível fazer uma identificação parcial de 2-furanmetanol, fenilacetonitrila e 2,4-dimetilpentanol como possíveis COV responsáveis pela atividade antifúngica.

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[1]
L. C. Coconubo Guio, D. C. Sinuco León, y L. Castellanos Hernández, «Actividad fungicida de compuestos orgánicos volátiles de la bacteria Paenibacillus contra Colletotrichum gloeosporioides», Rev. Colomb. Quim., vol. 49, n.º 1, pp. 20–25, ene. 2020, doi: 10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v1n49.81996.