Volumen 64,Numero 1, Suplemento SAHOS, Revista de la Facultad de Medicina

Publicado

2017-08-02

Repercusiones psiquiátricas del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS)

Psychiatric implications of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS)

Palabras clave:

Síndromes de la apnea del sueño, Enfermedad, Diagnóstico, Terapéutica (es)
Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Disease, Diagnosis, Therapeutics (en)

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Autores/as

  • Franklin Escobar-Córdoba Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Medicina - Departamento de Psiquiatría - Bogotá D. C. - Colombia. Fundación Sueño Vigilia Colombiana - Centro de Sueño - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia.
  • Jorge Echeverry-Chabur Clínica del Ronquido y Trastornos del Sueño - Pereira - Colombia Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Pereira - Colombia.
La apnea del sueño es un síndrome que afecta múltiples sistemas y produce variados síntomas. En el presente artículo se revisan las enfermedades psiquiátricas más frecuentes asociadas a este y la necesidad de realizar un diagnóstico adecuado y un tratamiento interdisciplinario. La entidad que más se ha podido encontrar en los pacientes con apnea del sueño es la depresión y se piensa que se debe a la fragmentación del sueño, la cual altera la producción de neurotransmisores a nivel cerebral. La ansiedad es la segunda entidad con mayor frecuencia, quizás debido a la liberación de catecolaminas durante la noche. Existen otras sintomatologías asociadas a la apnea del sueño que deben ser revisadas y que mejorarían con un tratamiento adecuado, así como también mejoraría la calidad de vida de los pacientes, pues la atención, la concentración y la memoria incrementarían o disminuirían la irritabilidad y otros síntomas.
Sleep apnea is a syndrome that affects multiple systems and produces varied symptoms. This article reviews the most frequent psychiatric illnesses associated with this condition, as well as the need for an adequate diagnosis and an interdisciplinary treatment. The most common entity observed in patients with sleep apnea is depression, probably caused by sleep fragmentation, which alters the production of neurotransmitters in the brain. Anxiety is the second most common entity, perhaps, due to the release of catecholamines at night. Other symptoms associated with sleep apnea can be found, and should be reviewed and improved with appropriate treatment; addressing such symptoms could also improve the quality of life of patients, since attention, concentration and memory would increase or decrease irritability and other symptoms.

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Citas

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