Publicado

2018-09-01

Desarrollo de un método analítico de preparación de muestras de alimentos para determinar óxidos de colesterol (COP) mediante cromatografía

Development of an analytical method of food samples preparation to determine cholesterol oxides (COP) by chromatography

Desenvolvimento de um método analítico de preparação de amostras de alimentos para determinar óxidos de colesterol (COP) por meio de cromatografia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v47n3.72437

Palabras clave:

colesterol, sistema de limpieza, cromatografía de gases, cartuchos apolares (es)
cholesterol, cleaning system, gas chromatography, apolar cartridges (en)
colesterol, sistema de limpeza, cromatografia gasosa, cartuchos apolares (pt)

Autores/as

  • Mercedes Figueroa Macca Universidad de Nariño, Universidad del Valle
  • Juan José Lozada Castro Universidad de Nariño; Universidad del Valle

Las transformaciones surgidas durante los procesos de limpieza de los alimentos grasos para determinar productos de oxidación de colesterol (COP) limitan los resultados reales en un estudio. Por tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los COP obtenidos por distintos métodos de extracción: fase sólida (SPE) y cromatografía líquida en fase normal y reversa, comparando sus perfiles de elución. Adicionalmente, se tuvo como objetivo optimizar los procesos de limpieza para reducir las transformaciones de COP. Se usaron muestras de lomo de cerdo crudo, jamón serrano y salmón ahumado. Las transformaciones de COP se determinaron por SPE y GC–FID y se optimizaron los métodos de limpieza con la técnica SPE. Los cartuchos apolares no mostraron transformación de COP durante el tratamiento de muestras y los cambios de pH generaron transformaciones del triol a 6 ceto epóxido. Debido a que la limpieza del cartucho suele ser deficiente y genera coelución de compuestos indeseables (ácidos grasos) implicados en la transformación de epóxidos α y β en triol, estas transformaciones se evitaron con la técnica SPE, uso de cartuchos C18, con ajuste del volumen de elución de MeOH y ajustes del pH. La reducción de los pasos de la limpieza de muestras optimizó el proceso en un 73%.

When determining cholesterol oxidation products (COP), transformations during cleaning processes of fatty foods limit the real results in a study. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the COP obtained by different extraction methods, normal and reverse phase liquid chromatography and solid phase extraction (SPE), as well as their resulting elution profile. Another goal was to optimize the cleaning processes to reduce COP transformations. Samples of raw pork loin, serrano ham and smoked salmon were used. Transformations of COP were determined by SPE and GC-FID and cleaning methods with SPE technique were optimized. The apolar cartridges did not show COP transformation during samples treatment and pH changes generated transformations of triol to 6 keto epoxide. Due to cartridge cleaning is usually deficient and generates coelution of undesirable compounds (fatty acids) involved in the transformation of α and β epoxides in triol, these transformations were avoided with the SPE technique, C18 cartridges, with adjustment of the MeOH elution volume, and pH settings. Reduction of samples cleaning steps optimized the process in 73%.
As transformações que surgem durante os processos de limpeza de alimentos gordurosos para determinar os produtos de oxidação do colesterol (COP) limitam os resultados reais de um estudo. Por tanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os COP obtidos pelos métodos de extração SPE e cromatografia líquida em fase normal e fase reversa, e seus perfiles de eluição. Além de otimizar os processos de limpeza para reduzir as transformações dos COP. Foram utilizadas amostras de lombo de porco cru, presunto serrano e salmão defumado. As transformações dos COP foram determinadas pela SPE e a GC- FID. Foram otimizados os métodos de limpeza com a técnica de SPE. Os cartuchos apolares não mostraram transformação de COP durante o tratamento das amostras; as mudanças de pH geraron transformações do triol a 6 keto epóxido. A limpeza do cartucho geralmente é deficiente e gera coeluição de compostos indesejáveis (ácidos graxos) envolvidos na transformação dos α e β epóxidos no triol. Essas transformações foram evitadas com a técnica de SPE, o uso de cartuchos C18, ajuste do volume de eluição de MeOH e ajuste do pH. A redução das etapas de limpeza das amostras otimizou o processo em 73%.

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[1]
“Desarrollo de un método analítico de preparación de muestras de alimentos para determinar óxidos de colesterol (COP) mediante cromatografía”, Rev. Colomb. Quim., vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 41–51, Sep. 2018, doi: 10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v47n3.72437.