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Falling film reactor for methyl ester sulphonation with gaseous sulphur trioxide
Reactor de película líquida descendente para la sulfonación de ésteres metílicos con trióxido de azufre
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v29n3.15182Keywords:
sulphonation, sulphur trioxide, methyl ester, film reactor, empirical equation (en)sulfonación, trióxido de azufre, éster metílico, reactor de película, ecuaciones empíricas (es)
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A set of experiments was carried out for validating a 40 cm long and ½ inch diameter sulphonation falling film reactor for the sulphonation of hydrogenated palm stearine-derived dodecylbenzene (DDB) and methyl esters (ME) compared to oleumderived gaseous SO3. Volumetric titration was used for determining the percentages of sulphonated (active) matter, sulphuric acid content and unsulphonated oil by petroleum ether extraction. The reactor's functionality was tested in the conditions reported by Gutiérrez et al., for DDB sulphonation. The falling film reactor analysis techniques applied to sulphonated DDB in the scale bank reactor were thus validated in Universidad Nacional de Colombia's Chemical Engineering Department Laboratory with the involvement of the Química Básica Colombiana Company (LIQ, Caloto, Cauca, Colombia). The influence of different process variables on the sulphonation of a mixture of methyl esters was then evaluated. The results obtained in the sulphonator were adjusted to empirical equations using multiple linear regression; these expressions showed the direct effect on sulphonation of variables such as SO3/ME molar ratio, SO3 concentration in gas flow and ME mass flow.
Se realizó un conjunto de experimentos de sulfonación de dodecilbenceno (DDB) y ésteres metílicos (ME) derivados de la estearina hidrogenada de palma, con SO3 gaseoso desorbido del óleum, en un reactor de sulfonación en película líquida descendente a escala banco de 40 cm de longitud y ½ pulgada de diámetro interno. Mediante titulaciones volumétricas se determinaron los porcentajes de materia sulfonada y contenido de ácido sulfúrico, así como el porcentaje de aceite libre mediante extracciones con éter de petróleo. La funcionalidad del reactor se verificó efectuando ensayos a condiciones reportadas por Gutiérrez y colaboradores para dodecilbenceno sulfonado (DDBS), para lo cual fueron determinadas las técnicas de análisis en el Laboratorio de Ingeniería Química (LIQ) de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá, con el acompañamiento de la empresa Química Básica Colombiana (Caloto, Cauca). Finalmente, se procedió a evaluar la influencia de diferentes variables de proceso sobre la sulfonación de la mezcla de ésteres metílicos. Los resultados obtenidos en el sulfonador se ajustaron por regresión lineal múltiple a ecuaciones empíricas, obteniendo expresiones que muestran de forma directa el efecto de variables como la relación molar SO3/ME, concentración de SO3 en la corriente gaseosa y flujo másico de ME.
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Copyright (c) 2009 Jesús Alfonso Torres Ortega, Luís Alejandro Díaz Aldana, Francisco José Sánchez Castellanos
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