Publicado

2018-09-01

Optimización de la síntesis de aldehído canfolénico a partir del epóxido de α-pineno con Cu/MCM-41

Optimization of the synthesis of campholenic aldehyde from α-pinene epoxide with Cu/MCM-41

Optimização da síntese de aldeído camfolênico desde epóxido de α -pineno com Cu/MCM-41

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v47n3.72129

Palabras clave:

Diseño de experimentos, isomerización, aldehído canfolénico, epóxido (es)
Experiment design, isomerization, campholenic aldehyde, epoxide (en)
Desenho de experimentos, isomerização, aldeído camfolênico, epóxido (pt)

Autores/as

  • Julián Eduardo Sánchez Velandia Universidad de Antioquia
  • Aida Luz Villa Holguín Universidad de Antioquia

Se sintetizó el catalizador Cu/MCM-41 mediante impregnación húmeda incipiente y se caracterizó por DRX, XPS, TPD-NH3 y adsorción-desorción de N2. Se evaluó el efecto de diferentes condiciones de reacción (temperatura, tiempo, tipo de solvente y cantidad de catalizador) en la isomerización del epóxido de α-pineno para la obtención de aldehído canfolénico con el catalizador Cu/MCM-41, que no había sido reportado previamente para este tipo de reacción. Se partió de un diseño experimental central compuesto mediante análisis de superficie de respuesta. Se encontró que la mejor selectividad fue de 85% (5 mg de catalizador; 70 °C; 0,5 h y el uso de acetato de etilo como solvente). Adicionalmente, se determinaron los principales factores y sus combinaciones que tenían mayor significancia en la síntesis del aldehído ajustado a un modelo polinomial de segundo grado. Se encontró que los factores que tienen mayor influencia en la conversión son la cantidad de catalizador, tiempo de reacción, el tipo de solvente y el factor combinado entre la cantidad de catalizador y el tipo de solvente. En el caso de la selectividad hacia el producto deseado no se encontró ningún factor significativo.

The Cu/MCM-41 catalyst was synthesized by incipient wet impregnation and characterized by XRD, XPS, TPD-NH3, and N2 adsorption-desorption. The effect of different reaction conditions (temperature, time, type of solvent, and amount of catalyst) on the isomerization reaction of α-pinene epoxide was evaluated to obtain camphoric aldehyde with the Cu/MCM-41 catalyst, which had not been previously reported for this kind of reaction. The experiment was based on a central composite experimental design composed by response surface analysis. The best campholenic aldehyde selectivity was found to be 85% (5 mg of catalyst, 70 °C, 0.5 h and the use of ethyl acetate as a solvent). Furthermore, the main factors and their combinations that had the greatest significance in the synthesis were adjusted to a polynomial second order model. The factors with the main influence on conversion were the catalyst amount, reaction time, solvent type, and the combined factor between catalyst amount and the solvent type. In the case of campholenic aldehyde selectivity no significant factor was found.

O catalisador Cu/MCM-41, sintetizado pelo método de impregnação a umidade incipiente, foi caracterizado por DRX, XPS, TPD-NH3 e adsorção-dessorção de N2 e testado na reação de isomerização do epóxido de α-pineno. Diferentes condições de reação foram exploradas a partir de um desenho experimental central composto. A melhor seletividade de aldeído camfolênico encontrada foi de 85% (5 mg de catalisador; 70 ° C; 0,5 h e acetato de etilo como solvente). Além disso, os principais fatores e as combinações entre eles que tiveram influência na síntese do aldeído camfolênico foram ajustados a um modelo polinomial de segunda ordem. Verificou-se que os fatores com a principal influência na conversão foram a quantidade de catalisador, o tempo de reação e o tipo de solvente e o fator combinado entre a quantidade de catalisador e o tipo de solvente. No caso da seletividade do aldeído camfolênico, não foi encontrado um fator significativo.

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[1]
J. E. Sánchez Velandia y A. L. Villa Holguín, «Optimización de la síntesis de aldehído canfolénico a partir del epóxido de α-pineno con Cu/MCM-41», Rev. Colomb. Quim., vol. 47, n.º 3, pp. 13–23, sep. 2018, doi: 10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v47n3.72129.